Dominance and Prestige Questionnaire (DPQ)

Abstract

The Dominance and Prestige Questionnaire (DPQ; Körner, Heydasch, & Schütz, 2023) is an inventory/questionnaire designed to measure an individual’s self-perceived status related to inducing fear, intimidation, or coercion, as well as their skills, knowledge, or expertise. The content of the DPQ was adapted from the Dominance Prestige Scales (Cheng et al., 2010) and the Self-Perceived Social Status Scale (Buttermore, 2006). This 15-item questionnaire was evaluated in German samples, specifically distance-learning university students and adult participants recruited online. The development of the DPQ involved assessing its factor structure, reliability, and validity.

Keywords

Self-Concept Facets, Dominance, Prestige

Authors

Körner, Robert; Heydasch, Timo; Schütz, Astrid

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Purpose

The primary purpose of the Dominance and Prestige Questionnaire (DPQ) is to assess current self-concept facets related to dominance and prestige. These facets are considered relevant across various life domains, including family and academic settings.

Validity

Nomological and criterion validity for the DPQ were supported through investigations of its associations with 72 personality variables and 14 objective criteria.

Reliability

Internal Consistency: The reliabilities for both factors of the DPQ were found to be good. For dominance, Cronbach’s alpha was .81, and for prestige, Cronbach’s alpha was .86.

Test-Retest Reliability:

• Dominance: The dominance factor demonstrated high temporal stability. Over a 2-month period, the test-retest reliability was rtt(202) = .75, p < .001. Over a 4-month period, it was rtt(112) = .72, p < .001. The stability between the second and third measurement points (t2 and t3) was even higher, with rtt(114) = .79, p < .001.

• Prestige: The prestige factor also exhibited high temporal stability. Over a 2-month period, the test-retest reliability was rtt(202) = .70, p < .001. Over a 4-month period, it was rtt(112) = .64, p < .001. The stability between t2 and t3 was also high for prestige, with rtt(202) = .80, p < .001.

Factor Analysis

Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA): The EFA results indicated a two-factor structure for the DPQ, with two factors having Eigenvalues greater than 1. The MAP test, the Hull-CFI, and parallel analysis consistently suggested a two-factor solution, which aligned with the theoretical rationale. This two-factor solution explained 50.31% of the total variance.

Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA): The expected two-dimensional factor solution exhibited satisfactory fit indices. The results were Chi-squared(89) = 540.701, p < .001; RMSEA = .091, 90% CI [.083, .099], p < .001; CFI = .940; TLI = .929.

Instrument: Dominance and Prestige Questionnaire (DPQ)

Test Type: Original Inventory/Questionnaire
Format: Responses are recorded on a 7-point Likert scale, ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 7 (strongly agree).
Language Available: German
Population Group: Human; Male; Female
Age Group: Adulthood (18 years & older)
Population Details: The samples for evaluation consisted of distance-learning university students and adult participants. The studies were conducted in Germany.
Test Methodology: The methodology involved various psychometric evaluations, including Test Validity (Criterion Validity, Nomological Validity), Test Reliability (Internal Consistency, Test-Retest Reliability), and Factor Analysis (Confirmatory Factor Analysis, Exploratory Factor Analysis).

Keywords

Self-Concept, State Trait Level Measures, Social Status, Social Dominance

Authors

Körner, Robert

• Author ORCID Identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8793-0830

• Affiliation: Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg

Heydasch, Timo

• Affiliation: Distance University of Hagen

Schütz, Astrid

• Author ORCID Identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6358-167X

• Affiliation: Otto-Friedrich-University of Bamberg

• Email Address: [email protected]

• Correspondence Address: University of Bamberg, Department of Psychology, Markusplatz 3, Bamberg, Germany, 96047, [email protected]

Permissions & Fee and Test Year

Permissions: To obtain permissions, contact the publisher.
Commercial Use: No
Fee: No
Test Year: 2023

References

Körner, R., Heydasch, T., & Schütz, A. (2023). Dominance and prestige as self-concept facets. Journal of Personality Assessment, 105(5), 590–609. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223891.2022.2137028

Items of the Dominance and Prestige Questionnaire (DPQ)

The Dominance and Prestige Questionnaire (DPQ) is a 15-item scale.
Factors and Subscales: The DPQ measures two distinct factors/subscales:

• Dominance

• Prestige

Note. Items are rated from 1 (strongly disagree) to 7 (strongly agree). P=Prestige; D=Dominance. Items marked with an asterisk were taken from the Dominance Prestige Scales (Cheng et al., 2010) and the Self- Perceived Social Status Scale (Buttermare, 2006).