Religious Orientation
Age-Universal Intrinsic-Extrinsic Orientation Scale
Maltby & Lewis‚ 1996
1. I enjoy reading about my religion. I
2. I go to my place of worship because it helps me to make friends. E
3. It doesn’t much matter what I believe so long as I am good. E
4. Sometimes I have to ignore my religious beliefs because of what other people might think of me. E
5. It is important to me to spend time in private thought and prayer. I
6. I have often had a strong sense of God’s presence. E
7. I pray mainly to gain relief and protection. E
8. I try hard to live all my life according to my religious beliefs.
9. What religion offers me most is comfort in times of trouble and sorrow. E
10.My religion is important to me because it answers many questions about the meaning of life. I
11.I would rather join a group that studies the sacred book(s) of my religion than attend a social group in my place of worship. I
12.Prayer is for peace and happiness. E
13.Although I am religious‚ I don’t let it affect my daily life. E
14.I go to my place of worship mostly to spend time with my friends. E
15.My whole approach to life is based on my religion. I
16.I go to my place of worship mainly because I enjoy seeing people I know there. E
17.I pray mainly because I have been taught to pray. E
18.Prayers I say when I am alone are as important to me as those I say in my place of worship. I
19.Although I believe in my religion‚ many other things are more important in life. E
“I” Intrinsic and “E” Extrinsic
“yes” (3)‚ “not certain” (2)‚ and “no” (1).
Maltby‚ J.‚ McCollam‚ P.‚ & Millar‚ D. (1994). Religiosity and obsessionality: a refinement. Journal of Psychology‚ 128‚ 609–611.
Maltby‚ J.‚ & Lewis‚ C. A. (1996). Measuring intrinsic and extrinsic orientation toward religion: Amendments for its use among religious and non-religious samples. Personality and Individual Differences‚ 21(6)‚ 937–946.
Maltby‚ J.‚ & Day‚ L. (1998). Amending a measure of the Quest Religious Orientation: Applicability of the scale’s use among religious and non-religious persons. Personality and Individual Differences‚ 25‚ 517-522.
Maltby J.‚ C. A. Lewis‚ and L. Day. 1999. Religious orientation and psychological well-being: The role of the frequency of personal prayer. British Journal of Health Psychology 4:363–78.
Lewis‚ C. A.‚ Maltby‚ J.‚ & Burkinshaw‚ S. (2000). Religion and happiness: Still no association. Journal of Beliefs and Values‚ 21‚ 233–236.
Maltby‚ J. and L. Day. 2000. Depressive symptoms and religious orientation: Examining the relationship between religiosity and depression within the context of other correlates of depression. Personality and Individual Differences 28:383–93.
Lewis‚ C. A.‚ Maltby‚ J.‚ & Day‚ L. (2005). Religious orientation‚ religious coping and happiness among UK adults. Personality and Individual Differences‚ 38‚ 1193-1202.