1. The problems of taking care of a [baby/child] are easy to solve once you know how your actions affect your [baby/child]‚ an understanding I have acquired. 2. Even though being a parent could be rewarding‚ I am frustrated now while my child is at his/her present age.
3. I go to bed the same way I wake up in the morning—feeling I have not accomplished a whole lot.
4. I do not know what it is‚ but sometimes when I’m supposed to be in control‚ I feel more like the one being manipulated.
5. My [mother/father] was better prepared to be a good [mother/father] than I am.
6. I would make a fi ne model for a new [mother/father] to follow in order to learn what she would need to know in order to be a good parent. 7. Being a parent is manageable‚ and any problems are easily solved.
8. A difficult problem in being a parent is not knowing whether you’re doing a good job or a bad one.
9. Sometimes I feel like I’m not getting anything done.
10.I meet my own personal expectations for expertise in caring for my [baby/child].
11.If anyone can find the answer to what is troubling my [baby/child]‚ I am the one.
12.My talents and interests are in other areas‚ not in being a parent.
13.Considering how long I’ve been a mother‚ I feel thoroughly familiar with this role. 14.If being a [mother/father] of [an infant/a child] were only more interesting‚ I would be motivated to do a better job as a parent.
15.I honestly believe I have all the skills necessary to be a good mother to my [baby/child].
16.Being a parent makes me tense and anxious. 17.Being a good [mother/father] is a reward in itself.
Items 2‚ 3‚ 4‚ 5‚ 8‚ 9‚ 12‚ 14‚ and 16 on the PSOC are reverse coded.
6= Strongly Agree‚ 5= Somewhat Agree‚ 4= Agree‚ 3= Disagree‚ 2= Somewhat Disagree‚ 1= Strongly Disagree
Gibaud-Wallston‚ J. (1978‚ July). Self-esteem and situational stress: Factors related to sense of competence in new parents. Dissertation Abstracts International‚ 39(1-B).
Gibaud-Wallston‚ J.‚ & Wandersman‚ L.P. (1978‚ August). Development and utility of the Parenting Sense of CompetenceScale. Paper presented at the meeting of the American Psychological Association‚ Toronto‚ Canada.
Johnston‚ C.‚ & Mash‚ E.J. (1989). A measures of parenting satisfaction and efficacy. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology‚ 18‚167-175
Ohan‚ J. L.‚ Leung‚ D. W.‚ Johnston‚ C. (2000). The Parenting Sense of Competence Scale: Evidence of a Stable Factor Structure and Validity. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science‚ Vol 32(4)‚ 251-261.
Gibaud-Wallston & Wandersman‚ 1978; Johnston & Mash‚ 1989. Parenting Sense of Competence Scale. In: Simmons C. A.‚ Lehmann P. (eds). Tools for strengths-based assessment and evaluation‚ New York‚ NY: Springer‚ pp. 433-435. (2013). Google Scholar