Ryff Psychological Well-Being Scale (Revised) – Chinese Version

Description

From the philosophical tradition, theories of happiness can be summarized into two basic types: hedonism and realization theory. Hedonism posits that happiness is a subjective psychological experience of pleasure, constituted by enjoyment and positive emotions. In contrast, realization theory asserts that happiness is not merely a pleasurable experience but an objective self-perfection, self-realization, and self-achievement that is independent of human will, embodying the realization of one’s essence and potential. Based on this, modern psychology’s research on happiness primarily has two different orientations: subjective well-being (SWB) and psychological well-being (PWB).

Authors and Contact Email

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Purpose

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Test Year

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Administration Method and Scoring

The SWB approach, represented by Diener and others, is defined in terms of experiencing more positive emotions, fewer negative emotions, and higher life satisfaction, emphasizing subjective evaluations. On the other hand, the PWB approach, represented by Ryan, Deci, Waterman, and Ryff, argues that happiness is not solely a subjective experience. It focuses on the realization and development of human potential and interprets happiness from the perspective of human development. This approach incorporates various indicators and dimensions into the study of happiness, including self-acceptance, personal growth, life purpose, quality relationships, situational awareness, autonomy, self-actualization, and vitality.

Ryff’s psychological well-being questionnaire (revised version) uses a 6-point Likert scale where “1” stands for “strongly agree,” “2” for “agree,” “3” for “somewhat agree,” “4” for “somewhat disagree,” “5” for “disagree,” and “6” for “strongly disagree.”

Reliability and Validity

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Factors and Subscales

The model of psychological well-being includes five dimensions:
– 因素1 良好关系 (Factor 1: Quality Relationships)
– 因素2 生活目标 (Factor 2: Life Purpose)
– 因素3 个人成长 (Factor 3: Personal Growth)
– 因素4 自主性 (Factor 4: Autonomy)
– 因素5 自我接纳 (Factor 5: Self-Acceptance)

Keywords

Happiness, Subjective Well-Being, Psychological Well-Being, Hedonism, Realization Theory

Items in Chinese

1. 良好关系 (Factor 1: Quality Relationships)
2. 生活目标 (Factor 2: Life Purpose)
3. 个人成长 (Factor 3: Personal Growth)
4. 自主性 (Factor 4: Autonomy)
5. 自我接纳 (Factor 5: Self-Acceptance)

Items in English

1. Quality Relationships
2. Life Purpose
3. Personal Growth
4. Autonomy
5. Self-Acceptance

References

吴双磊. 大学生完美主义倾向及与心理幸福感的关系研究[D]. 苏州大学.