Psychological Entitlement Scale – Chinese Version

Description

In daily life, some individuals believe they deserve more resources than others, including time, status, and money. For instance, some employees think they should receive extra compensation even without putting in additional effort. A common trait exhibited by these individuals is psychological entitlement (PE). Campbell et al. define it as a “stable and pervasive subjective belief or perception of entitlement to preferential treatment and exemption from social responsibilities.” The construct of psychological entitlement emphasizes its pathological nature and is considered to have a unidimensional structure. The concept originates from research on the sense of entitlement.

Authors and Contact Email

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Purpose

The research aims to understand the characteristics and implications of psychological entitlement in various psychological contexts.

Test Year

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Administration Method and Scoring

The Psychological Entitlement Scale (PES) developed by Campbell et al. was revised into Chinese by Bai Yang and Wang Jianing for use among Chinese university students. The scale consists of 9 items, each rated on a Likert scale from 1 to 7, where 1 indicates strong disagreement and 7 indicates strong agreement. The original scale was unidimensional. A higher total score indicates a higher level of psychological entitlement.

Reliability and Validity

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Factors and Subscales

The concept of psychological entitlement is classified into various categories based on studies on the sense of entitlement as follows:
– 正常的适应性权利感 (normal, adaptive sense of entitlement)
– 抑制性权利感 (restricted sense of entitlement)
– 过度或夸张的权利感 (excessive or exaggerated sense of entitlement)

The excessive or exaggerated sense of entitlement is characterized by an individual’s unrealistic expectations of resources and a tendency to feel dissatisfied when these expectations are not met.

Keywords

Psychological Entitlement, Personality Traits, Social Relationships, Subjective Experience, Misconduct Behavior

Items in Chinese

1. 我真的觉得自己应该获得比别人更多的赞赏。
2. 美好的事情都应该发生在我身上。
3. 假若我在泰坦尼克号上, 我应该被送上第一艘救生艇。
4. 因为我值得, 所以我要求得到最好的。
5. 我不一定值得接受特别的待遇。
6. 我值得拥有更多。
7. 像我这样的人有时应该获得多一次的机会。
8. 事情应当依照我所期待的方向发展。
9. 我觉得自己应该被分到更多的东西。

Items in English

1. I really feel I should receive more praise than others.
2. Wonderful things should happen to me.
3. If I were on the Titanic, I should be on the first lifeboat.
4. Because I deserve it, I demand the best.
5. I don’t necessarily deserve special treatment.
6. I deserve to have more.
7. People like me sometimes deserve a second chance.
8. Things should go the way I expect them to.
9. I feel I should be given more of what’s available.

References

白杨,王佳宁.心理特权量表在中国大学生群体中的信效度[J].心理技术与应用,2018,6(12):752-759.DOI:10.16842/j.cnki.issn2095-5588.2018.12.006
赵辉,张亚冉,孙楚然等.心理特权量表在职务犯罪人中的信效度检验[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2023,31(06):1478-1481+1486.DOI:10.16128/j.cnki.1005-3611.2023.06.035
丁倩,刘祎琳,张永欣等.心理特权与大学生网络欺骗行为：有调节的中介效应[J].心理与行为研究,2020,18(04):537-543.