Chinese Version of the AWE-S, AWE-S-C -Chinese Version

Description

Awe (敬畏) is a complex emotion that combines multiple feelings and is an emotional experience towards things that are vast and exceed current cognitive boundaries. This emotional experience is expressed differently in various cultural contexts. For example, in Western societies, it is referred to as “the sublime”; in the !Kung San society of Africa, it is called “kua”; and in Japan and China, it is known as “敬畏.” In recent years, with the popularity of positive psychology, awe has garnered increasing attention from scholars as a transcendent composite emotion. In 2003, Keltner and Haidt first proposed a prototype model of awe, suggesting it includes two core elements: Vastness (宏伟) and Accommodation (顺应). Additionally, it consists of five peripheral characteristics: Threat (威胁), Beauty (美好), Exceptional ability (卓越的能力), Virtue (美德), and Supernatural Causality (超自然因果关系). The types of awe evoked can vary depending on the context; for instance, awe inspired by something greater than the individual is characterized as grand awe, while awe invoked by something that requires adjustment of existing cognitive schemas is termed accommodating awe.

Authors and Contact Email

Information not available.

Purpose

The purpose of the awe experience scale is to measure the state of awe emotions, providing insights into individual psychological and behavioral regulation and maintaining social order.

Test Year

Information not available.

Administration Method and Scoring

The awe experience scale includes 30 items based on a 7-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree, 7 = completely agree). A higher score indicates a stronger experience of the emotion of awe. The Chinese version of the Awe Experience Scale (AWE-S-C) has been developed by translating the original English items into Chinese and subsequently back-translating them for accuracy.

Reliability and Validity

The reliability and validity coefficients for the total scale and its six dimensions range from 0.721 to 0.894 for Cronbach’s alpha and from 0.314 to 0.824 for test-retest reliability, indicating that AWE-S-C is a reliable tool for measuring the experience of state awe.

Factors and Subscales

The scale incorporates six dimensions:
– 时间知觉变化 (Time Perception Change)
– 小我 (Small Self)
– 联结感 (Sense of Connection)
– 宏伟 (Vastness)
– 身体感觉 (Physical Sensation)
– 顺应需求 (Accommodation Needs)

Keywords

Awe, Emotion, Positive Psychology, Measurement Scale, Reliability, Validity

Items in Chinese

1. 我觉得此时此刻事情暂时慢了下来。
2. 我注意到时间在变慢。
3. 我能意识到自己对时间变化的感知。
4. 我体验到了不一样的时光流逝感。
5. 我感觉到此时此刻的时间比平时更漫长。
6. 我觉得我的自我意识减弱了。
7. 我觉得我的自我感降低了。
8. 我经历了自我意识的下降。
9. 我感觉自己很渺小。
10. 与外界事物相比，我觉得自己很渺小。
11. 我与万物有相关联的感觉。
12. 我感到与所有生命体的交融感。
13. 我体会到与万物合一的感觉。
14. 我觉得自己与整个人类息息相关。
15. 我有一种完全的联结感。
16. 我觉得自己面对了某些宏伟的事物。
17. 我体验到了比自己更宏大的东西。
18. 我感受到了宏大。
19. 我感知到某些东西比我宏大得多。
20. 我感受到了辽阔。
21. 我瞠目结舌。
22. 我的鸡皮疙瘩都起来了。
23. 我倒吸一口凉气。
24. 我惊叹得直打寒颤。
25. 我目瞪口呆。
26. 刚经历的事情让我有一种言语无法描述的感觉。
27. 我发现很难完全理解这一经历。
28. 我觉得理解这种经验是很有挑战性的。
29. 我难以一下子想明白自己正在经历的一切。
30. 我试图理解我所经历事情的震撼性。

Items in English

1. I feel like things are temporarily slowing down right now.
2. I notice that time is slowing down.
3. I can be aware of my perception of the change in time.
4. I have experienced a different sense of the passage of time.
5. I feel that the time right now is longer than usual.
6. I feel that my self-awareness has diminished.
7. I feel that my sense of self has decreased.
8. I have experienced a decline in self-awareness.
9. I feel very small.
10. Compared to external things, I feel very small.
11. I have a sense of connection with everything.
12. I feel a sense of merging with all living beings.
13. I experience a feeling of unity with all things.
14. I feel deeply connected with all humanity.
15. I have a complete sense of connection.
16. I feel I am facing some magnificent things.
17. I have experienced something greater than myself.
18. I feel a sense of grandeur.
19. I perceive that some things are much larger than I am.
20. I feel a vastness.
21. I am stunned.
22. I have goosebumps.
23. I gasp.
24. I am in awe and shivering.
25. I am dumbfounded.
26. The experience I just had leaves me with feelings that are hard to describe.
27. I find it difficult to fully understand this experience.
28. I find it challenging to understand this experience.
29. I struggle to comprehend all at once what I am experiencing.
30. I try to understand the impact of what I have experienced.

References

周凌霄, 李姗殷, 彭凯平, 等. 敬畏体验量表的中文版修订[J]. 中国临床心理学杂志, 2022, 30(05): 1138-1142+1148. DOI:10.16128/j.cnki.1005-3611.2022.05.026.
宋金泽. 敬畏与拖延行为的关系：压力的中介作用[D]. 山西师范大学, 2023. DOI:10.27287/d.cnki.gsxsu.2023.000318.