Dependence Proneness Scale-Form One

Category	Details
Alternate Test Names	Dependence Proneness Test
Description	The Dependence Proneness Scale–Form One (Flanders, Anderson, & Amidon, 1961) is a 45-item, dichotomous measure used to assess dependence proneness in children and adolescents. This scale explores the relationship between teacher behavior, student behavior, and student attitudes within a classroom context. Items were written, borrowed, and modified from existing literature to form the initial 150-item battery, which included themes like seeking help, affection, conformity, and compliance. A sample of eighth-grade students was used to identify the final 45 items through item analysis. The test identifies high-scoring students who need more support and reassurance, as well as low-scoring students who are more independent in their classroom interactions.
Test Type	Original
Instrument Type	Rating Scale
Construct	Dependence Proneness
Author	Flanders, Ned A.; Anderson, J. Paul; Amidon, Edmund J.
Purpose	To measure dependence proneness in children and adolescents, particularly in relation to teacher behavior, student behavior, and student attitudes within a classroom context.
Test Year	1961
Administration Method	Paper
Format	Responses to each of the 45 items are restricted to “agree” or “disagree.”
Number of Items	The scale consists of 45 items.
Reliability	Internal Consistency: The reliability coefficient calculated by analysis of variance is .68, with an estimated standard error of measurement of 2.93 for a single score.
Validity	Construct Validity: The test identifies high-scoring students who need more support and reassurance from teachers, as well as low-scoring students whose reactions are more independent of the teacher’s behavior.
Factor Analysis	Not indicated
Test Methodology	Test Validity; Construct Validity; Test Reliability; Internal Consistency
Classification	5900 Education, Teaching, and Student Characteristics; 7200 Personality
Population Group	Human
Keywords	Dependence Proneness Scale–Form One; Test Development; Internal Consistency; Construct Validity; Teacher-Student Relations
Index Terms	Construct Validity; Dependency (Personality); Internal Consistency; Rating Scales; Student Characteristics; Teacher-Student Interaction; Test Construction; Test Forms; Test Reliability; Test Validity

Reference

Dependence Proneness Scale-Form One

 

D 1. I hesitate to ask for help from others.
A 2. I like to do things with my family.
D 3. It’s fun to try out ideas that others think are crazy.
A 4. I enjoy working with students who get good marks.
A 5. Students ought to be allowed to help one another with their school work.
D 6. I don’t need my friends’ encouragement when I meet with failure.
A 7. I never argue with my parents.
D 8. My folks usually have to ask me twice to do something.
D 9. I don’t like my friends to make a fuss over me when I’m sick.
D 10. I seldom do ‘little extra things” at home just to please my parents.
D 11. I want my friends to leave me alone when I am sad.
D 12. I often disagree with my parents.
A 13. I never do anything at home until I find out if it’s okay.
D 14. What others think of me does not bother me.
D 15. Committee work is a waste of time.
D 16. I often disagree with what the class decides to do.
A 17. You should always check to see if your parents approve of your friends.
A 18. A good friend will never disagree with you.
D 19. I enjoy studying about things that my parents don’t like.
A 20. I am apt to pass up something I want to do when others think that it isn’t worth doing.
D 21. I owe my greatest obligation to my family.
D 22. I don’t lie to show my friends how much I like them.
D 23. I like to make my own decisions.
D 24. My parents make unreasonable rules.
D 25. Rules are made to be broken.
D 26. I would rather be left alone when I am in trouble.
D 27. I would never tell on a student who has done something wrong.
D 28. It annoys me when my friends tell me their troubles.
D 29. I dislike lending things to my friends.
D 30. I like people who ignore the feelings of others.
D 31. I don’t care whether or not I take home a good report card.
D 32. I often seem to do things my parents don’t like.
D 33. My parents treat me more like a child than a teen-ager.
D 34. I don’t care if other students say nice things about me.
D 35. I sometimes break rules if it makes my friends like me.
D 36. I like to criticize people who are in charge.

A 37. I try never to disobey my parents.
A 38. I feel better avoiding a fight than trying to have my own way.
A 39. I like to follow instructions and to do what is expected of me.
D 40. My family does not like what I intend to choose for my life work.
D 41. I often disagree with what the teacher says.
A 42. In class it is best to go along with the majority even when you disagree.
D 43. I don’t care if others are interested in the same things I am.
D 44. It is not always best to have the majority make the decision.
D 45. The playground is a poor place to really get to know your friends.

Note. A = Autonomy and D = Deference.