Table of Contents
| Category | Details |
|---|---|
| Description | The Adolescent Assertiveness Assessment Scale (AAA-S; de Lima et al., 2024) was designed to measure assertiveness skills in adolescents. The item development process began with an exploratory qualitative study using the focus group technique. Based on feedback from participants and an operational definition of assertiveness and its subclasses (Del Prette & Del Prette, 2017), an initial version of the AAA-S consisted of 80 items representing various assertiveness situations. The measure was administered to adolescents aged 12 to 15, leading to a final validated version of 20 items. The study demonstrated content and semantic validity, with further discussions on the need for reliability and factorial validity assessments. |
| Author | de Lima, Sara Luize Pereira; Simeão, Shirley de Souza Silva; Silva, Washington Allysson Dantas; Galdino, Melyssa Kellyane Cavalcanti |
| ORCID | Not available |
| Affiliation | Universidade Federal da Paraíba; Universidade de Lisboa Instituto de Ciências Sociais |
| [email protected] | |
| Correspondence Address | de Lima, Sara Luize Pereira: [email protected] |
| Purpose | To assess assertiveness in adolescence. |
| Construct | Adolescent Assertiveness |
| Instrument Type | Rating Scale |
| Test Type | Original |
| Administration Method | Electronic |
| Format | Items rated on a four-point Likert scale from 1 (never or rarely) to 4 (always/almost always). |
| Number of Items | 20 |
| Reliability | No reliability data reported. |
| Validity | Content Validity: The total content validity coefficient (CVCt) was .97, and the individual content validity coefficient (CVCi) was greater than .80. The overall average ranged from .92 to .99 across judges’ assessments. Semantic Validity: The comprehensibility index reached 86.4%, with a moderate correlation between age and understanding level (r = 0.41, p = 0.05). |
| Factor Analysis | No factor analysis reported. |
| Test Methodology | Test Validity; Content Validity |
| Population Details | Age Range: 12-18 years Location: Brazil Respondents: Adolescents |
| Age Group | Childhood (birth-12 years); School Age (6-12 years); Adolescence (13-17 years); Adulthood (18+ years) |
| Keywords | Adolescent Assertiveness; Assertiveness Skills; Semantic Validity; Young People’s Perceptions |
| Index Terms | Adolescent Attitudes; Assertiveness; Developmental Measures; Adolescent Characteristics |
| Files | No file available for download. |
| Reference | de Lima, S. L. P., Simeão, S. d. S. S., Silva, W. A. D., & Galdino, M. K. C. (2024). Adolescent Assertiveness Assessment Scale: Evidence of content validity. Psicologia: Teoria e Pesquisa, 40, Article e40403. |
| Web Site | Creative Commons License |
I. Scale Overview
The Adolescent Assertiveness Assessment Scale (AAA-S) is designed to measure assertiveness levels in adolescents. It comprises 20 items that assess various aspects of assertive behavior in different social contexts.
II. Items
The following are the 20 items of the AAA-S:
When my peers say something I do not agree with, I voice my opinion.
If I buy a new piece of clothing and find out at home that I do not like it, I come back to change it.
During a group outing, I can give my opinion about what we could do every day.
At school I have difficulty talking to the teacher.
In group situations I usually represent my group to make requests to the teacher.
I can argue when my parents ask me to do something I do not want to do.
I often get angry when my parents criticize my performance at school.
When someone says my taste in music is not good, I explain that we have different musical preferences.
When I like a classmate, I find it difficult to express my feelings.
I tend to be ironic with my colleagues.
I play games that lead to disappointing my friends.
I have difficulty maintaining friendships.
When I am unhappy in a relationship, I can take the initiative to end the relationship.
If I hurt a colleague, I apologize.
Even when I know I am in the wrong, I avoid admitting my mistake.
In situations where my colleagues do something I do not like, I often say how I feel.
If a classmate asks me to copy my notes during class, I borrow them even if it slows me down.
If I do not understand something the teacher has explained, I ask you to explain it again.
If I must go to a place but I do not know how to get there, I prefer to look for it myself rather than ask someone for help.
If some classmates make noise in class and I feel uncomfortable, I ask for silence.
III. Response Scale
The response format is a four-point Likert scale.
The scale ranges from 1 (never or rarely) to 4 (always/almost always).
IV. Notes on Interpretation
Items are designed to capture varying aspects of assertiveness, including expressing opinions, setting boundaries, managing conflict, and self-advocacy.
The scoring of the items likely involves summing or averaging scores across relevant items, although this information is not explicitly provided within the text. Interpretation of scores would require additional information about the scoring methodology of the AAA-S.
Cite this article
Mohammed looti (2026). Academic Involution Scale for College Students in China (AISCSC). PSYCHOLOGICAL SCALES. Retrieved from https://scales.arabpsychology.com/s/adolescent-assertiveness-assessment-scale-aaa-s/
Mohammed looti. "Academic Involution Scale for College Students in China (AISCSC)." PSYCHOLOGICAL SCALES, 4 Apr. 2026, https://scales.arabpsychology.com/s/adolescent-assertiveness-assessment-scale-aaa-s/.
Mohammed looti. "Academic Involution Scale for College Students in China (AISCSC)." PSYCHOLOGICAL SCALES, 2026. https://scales.arabpsychology.com/s/adolescent-assertiveness-assessment-scale-aaa-s/.
Mohammed looti (2026) 'Academic Involution Scale for College Students in China (AISCSC)', PSYCHOLOGICAL SCALES. Available at: https://scales.arabpsychology.com/s/adolescent-assertiveness-assessment-scale-aaa-s/.
[1] Mohammed looti, "Academic Involution Scale for College Students in China (AISCSC)," PSYCHOLOGICAL SCALES, vol. X, no. Y, ص Z-Z, April, 2026.
Mohammed looti. Academic Involution Scale for College Students in China (AISCSC). PSYCHOLOGICAL SCALES. 2026;vol(issue):pages.
