Intimate Partner Violence Risk Assessment Scale (DAS-R) – Chinese Version

Description

Intimate partner violence (IPV), sometimes referred to as domestic violence or partner abuse, encompasses physical assaults, sexual coercion, psychological/emotional abuse, and controlling behaviors between current or former heterosexual partners in an intimate relationship. This can occur within marital relationships, long-term partnerships, short-term intimate relationships, or even between former partners after a relationship has ended. The first chapter, second section of the “Anti-Domestic Violence Law” states: “Domestic violence refers to physical, mental, and other forms of harm inflicted between family members through means such as beating, binding, maltreatment, restricting personal freedom, and frequent verbal abuse or intimidation.”

Family violence is characterized by two major features: it is often covert, occurring within a familial setting that outsiders find difficult to detect, and it is diverse in nature, encompassing not only physical violence but also psychological, verbal, economic, and personal control. Marriage, based upon love, is the foundation of family, which in turn is the cornerstone of society, serving as the most intimate basic unit of human interaction and as a cradle for personal development and growth. However, the occurrence of domestic violence affects victims and other family members significantly.

Authors and Contact Email

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Purpose

To raise awareness of intimate partner violence and its impacts, as well as to assess the dangers associated with it.

Test Year

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Administration Method and Scoring

The Intimate Partner Violence Danger Assessment Scale (DAS-R) examines various conflicts that may arise in a relationship. Respondents are encouraged to answer all questions based on their actual circumstances. The term “he” refers to the partner and may denote one’s husband, ex-husband, or cohabiting boyfriend. Each item is scored as either 1 point for “yes” or 0 points for “no.”

Reliability and Validity

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Factors and Subscales

Protective factors (factors that can reduce violence):
1. 个人因素 (Personal factors): Victims having legal awareness against domestic violence, high education levels, economic independence, etc.
2. 关系因素 (Relationship factors): Possessing a good social support system with genuine friends and neighbor support.
3. 社会因素 (Social factors): This includes high community cohesion, strong community support and connections, mutual trust, willingness to intervene in community interests, resource coordination, strong implementation and enforcement of anti-domestic violence laws, issuance of personal safety protection orders, and services/intervention from domestic violence agencies.

Keywords

Intimate Partner Violence, Domestic Violence, Danger Assessment Scale (DAS-R), Protective Factors, Psychological Abuse, Physical Abuse

Items in Chinese

1. 曾威胁要杀您。
2. 您相信他也能杀您。
3. 控制大部分生活(经济控制、限制人身自由等)。
4. 对您有暴力且经常性的忌妒（如曾说我若不能拥有您，其他人也不能）。
5. 他曾威胁要自杀，或尝试要自杀。
6. 他有没有对您说过“要离婚或分开就一起死”或“要死一起死”。
7. 他曾威胁您，要伤害您娘家的人，以阻止您离开他。
8. 您是否认为在未来的两个月内他一定会对你进行身体上的伤害。
9. 在您与他的关系变得不好后，他是否曾经监视您（如跟踪、监听、检查手机、定位，等）。

Items in English

1. Has he threatened to kill you?
2. Do you believe he could kill you?
3. Does he control most aspects of your life (such as economic control, restricting your freedom, etc.)?
4. Is he violently and frequently jealous of you (e.g., has he ever said, “If I can’t have you, no one can”)?
5. Has he ever threatened or attempted suicide?
6. Has he ever said to you, “If you leave or we separate, we’ll both die” or “We’ll die together”?
7. Has he threatened to harm your family members to prevent you from leaving him?
8. Do you believe that he will physically harm you within the next two months?
9. After your relationship soured, has he ever monitored you (e.g., stalking, eavesdropping, checking your phone, tracking you, etc.)?

References

麻超李洪涛等：危险评估量表修订版的信效度检验，中国心理卫生杂志2012年7月，第7期
付昨霖.家庭暴力危险性评估量表的标准化研究[D].北京建筑大学,2019.