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Enabling School Structure – ESS
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2. In this school red tape is problem.
3. The administrative hierarchy of this school enables teachers to do their job.
4. The administrative hierarchy obstructs student achievement.
5. Administrative rules help rather than hinder.
6. The administrative hierarchy of this school facilitates the mission of this school.
7. Administrative rules in this school are used to punish teachers.
8. The administrative hierarchy of this school obstructs innovation.
9. Administrative rules in this school are substitutes for professional judgment.
10. Administrative rules in this school are guides to solutions rather than rigid procedures.
11. In this school the authority of the principal is used to undermine teachers.
12. The administrators in this school use their authority to enable teachers to do their job .
Hoy‚ W. K. & Sweetland‚ S. R. (2000). School bureaucracies that work: Enabling‚ not coercive. Journal of School Leadership‚ 10‚ 524-541.
Hoy‚ W. K. & Sweetland‚ S. R. (2001). Designing better schools; The meaning and measure of enabling school structures. Educational Administrative Quarterly‚ 37‚ 296-321.
Cite this article
mohammad looti (2026). Enabling School Structure (ESS). PSYCHOLOGICAL SCALES. Retrieved from https://scales.arabpsychology.com/s/enabling-school-structure-ess/
mohammad looti. "Enabling School Structure (ESS)." PSYCHOLOGICAL SCALES, 21 Apr. 2026, https://scales.arabpsychology.com/s/enabling-school-structure-ess/.
mohammad looti. "Enabling School Structure (ESS)." PSYCHOLOGICAL SCALES, 2026. https://scales.arabpsychology.com/s/enabling-school-structure-ess/.
mohammad looti (2026) 'Enabling School Structure (ESS)', PSYCHOLOGICAL SCALES. Available at: https://scales.arabpsychology.com/s/enabling-school-structure-ess/.
[1] mohammad looti, "Enabling School Structure (ESS)," PSYCHOLOGICAL SCALES, vol. X, no. Y, ص Z-Z, April, 2026.
mohammad looti. Enabling School Structure (ESS). PSYCHOLOGICAL SCALES. 2026;vol(issue):pages.