| Category | Details |
|---|---|
| Description | The Attitude Scale (Kaswan, Wasman, & Freedman, 1960) was designed to assess attitudes toward important persons and objects. Developed as part of a study validating the Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration measure, this 205-item Thurstone-type scale asks respondents to indicate “Yes” or “No” for each statement about attitudes toward significant objects and individuals. Items are arranged randomly and analyzed across 45 five-item continua, ranging from maximum approval (e.g., “I loved my father best of all”) to maximum disapproval (e.g., “It should be different, but I can’t help hating my father”). Reliability was evaluated by having a naïve rater sort the items into groups; only 3.6% of classifications differed from the original scaling. |
| Authors | J. Kaswan, M. Wasman, & Lawrence Z. Freedman |
| Affiliation | J. Kaswan: University of California; M. Wasman & L. Z. Freedman: Yale University |
| Purpose | To assess attitudes toward significant individuals and objects. |
| Construct | Attitudes |
| Instrument Type | Rating Scale |
| Test Type | Revision |
| Number of Items | The measure consists of 205 items. |
| Format | Participants respond to 205 items in a Yes/No format. Scoring is based on agreement patterns: agreement with items closest to maximum approval is scored as positive, while agreement with disapproval items is negative. Mixed agreements or neutral responses are classified as ambivalent. |
| Reliability | In a sample of male state prison inmates, reliability was assessed through item sorting by a naïve rater, resulting in only a 3.6% discrepancy with the original scaling. |
| Validity | No validity information provided. |
| Factor Analysis | No factor analysis indicated. |
| Test Methodology | Test Reliability |
| Administration Method | Paper-based |
| Classification | 5300 Attitudes, Interests, Values, and Expectancies |
| Age Group | Adulthood (18 years and older) |
| Population Group | Human; Male |
| Population Details | Sample: Male state prison inmates from the United States |
| Keywords | Verbal Aggression; Extrapunitiveness; Attitude Scale; Test Development |
| Index Terms | Attitude Measures; Test Construction; Relational Aggression |
| Reference | Kaswan, J., Wasman, M., & Freedman, L. Z. (1960). Aggression and the Picture-Frustration Study. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 24(5), 446–452. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0046233 |
Cite this article
Mohammed looti (2026). Attitude Scale. PSYCHOLOGICAL SCALES. Retrieved from https://scales.arabpsychology.com/s/attitude-scale/
Mohammed looti. "Attitude Scale." PSYCHOLOGICAL SCALES, 4 Apr. 2026, https://scales.arabpsychology.com/s/attitude-scale/.
Mohammed looti. "Attitude Scale." PSYCHOLOGICAL SCALES, 2026. https://scales.arabpsychology.com/s/attitude-scale/.
Mohammed looti (2026) 'Attitude Scale', PSYCHOLOGICAL SCALES. Available at: https://scales.arabpsychology.com/s/attitude-scale/.
[1] Mohammed looti, "Attitude Scale," PSYCHOLOGICAL SCALES, vol. X, no. Y, ص Z-Z, April, 2026.
Mohammed looti. Attitude Scale. PSYCHOLOGICAL SCALES. 2026;vol(issue):pages.