Index of Organizational Reactions scale(IOR)

Description

The Index of Organizational Reactions (IOR), developed by Dunham and Smith (1979), assesses employee satisfaction with his or her job and organi­zation. The IOR assesses satisfaction with supervision, financial rewards, kind of work, physical conditions, amount of work, company identification, co-workers, and career future.

Reliability

Coefficient alpha values ranged from .82 to .83 (Lee & Johnson, 1991; McLain, 1995; Taylor, Tracy, Renard, Harrison, & Carroll, 1995).

Validity

In Lee and Johnson (1991), workplace satisfaction measured with the IOR correlated positively with organizational commitment for both permanent and temporary employees and distribution of risk exposure in the work­ place. The IOR correlated negatively with education level and pay levels for exempt staff, perceived danger, perceived risk, task distractions, and risk experience (Lee & Johnson, 1991; McLain, 1995; Taylor et al., 1995).

Source

Items

Items and possible responses:

Supervision items:

1. Do you ever have the feeling you would better off working under different supervision?

Possible responses are 1 = J almost always feel this way, 2 = I frequently feel this way, 3 = 1 occasionally feel this way, 4 =1 seldom feel this way, 5 = 1 never feel this way.

2. How do you feel about the supervision you receive?

Possible responses are 5 =Jam extremely satisfied, 4 = I am well satis­ fied, 3 = 1 am only moderately satisfied, 2 = 1 am somewhat dissatisfied, 1 = / am very dissatisfied.

3. How does the way you are treated by those who supervise you influence you overall attitude toward your job?

Possible responses are 1 = It has a very unfavorable influence, 2 = It has a slightly unfavorable influence, 3 = It has no real effect, 4 = It hasa favorable influence, 5 = It has a very favorable influence.

4. How much do the efforts of those who supervise you add to the success of your organization?

Possible responses are 5 = a very great deal, 4 = quite a bit, 3 = only a little, 2 = very little, l = almost nothing.

5. The people who supervise me have:

Possible responses are 5 = many more good traits than bad ones, 4 = more good traits than bad ones, 3 = about the same number of good traits as bad ones, 2 = more bad traits than good ones, 1 = many more bad traits than good ones.

6. The supervision I receive is the kind that:

Possible responses are 1 = greatly discourages me from giving extra effort, 2 = tends to discourage me from giving extra effort, 3 = has little influence on me, 4 = encourages me to give extra effort, 5 = greatly encourages me to give extra effort.

Company identification items:

7. There is something about working for this organization that:

Possible responses are 5 = greatly encourages me to do my best,4 = defi­nitely encourages me to do my best, 3 = only slightly encourages me to do my best, 2 = tends to discourage me from doing my best, l = definitely discourages me from doing my best.

8. From my experience, I feel this organization probably treats its employees:

Possible responses are 1 = poorly, 2 = somewhat poorly, 3 = fairly well, 4 = quite well, 5 = extremely well.

9. How does working for this organization influence your overall attitude toward your job?

Possible responses are 1 = it has a very unfavorable influence, 2 = it has an unfavorable influence, 3 = it has no influence one way or the other, 4 = it has a favorable influence, 5 = it has a very favorable influence.

10. How do you describe this organization as a company to work for?

Possible responses are 5 = couldn’t be much better, 4 = very good, 3 = fairly good, 2 = just another place to work, l = poor.

11. I think this organization, as a company, considers employee welfare:

Possible responses are 1 = much less important than sales and profits, 2 = less important than sales and profits, 3 = about as important as sales and profits, 4 = more important than sales and profits, 5 = much more important than sales and profits.

Kind of work items:

12. Work like mine:

Possible responses are 1 = discourages me from doing my best, 2 = tends to discourage me from doing my best, 3 = makes little difference, 4 = slightly encourages me to do my best, 5 = greatly encourages me to do my best.

13. How often when you finish a day’s work do you feel you’ve accomplished something really worthwhile?

Possible responses are 5 = all of the time, 4 = most of the time, 3 = about half of the time, 2 = less than half of the time, l = rarely.

14. How does the kind of work you do influence your overall attitude toward your job?

Possible responses are 1 = it has a very unfavorable influence, 2 = it has a slightly unfavorable influence, 3 = it has no influence one way or the other, 4 = it has a fairly favorable influence, 5 = it has a very favorable influence.

15. How many of the things you do on your job do you enjoy?

Possible responses are 5 = nearly all, 4 = more than half, 3 = about half, 2 = less than half, I = almost none.

16. How much of the work you do stirs up real enthusiasm on your part?

Possible responses are 5 = nearly all of it, 4 = more than half of it, 3 = about half of it, 2 = less than half of it, 1 = almost none of it.

17. How do you feel about the kind of work you do?

Possible responses are 1 =don’t like it, would prefer some other kind of work; 2 = it’s OK, there’s other work/ like better; 3 = I like it, but there is other work I like as much; 4 =] like it very much; 5 = it’s exactly the kind of work I like best.

Amount of work items:

18. I feel my workload is:

Possible responses are 5 = never too heavy, 4 = seldom too heavy, 3 = sometimes too heavy, 2 = often too heavy, l = almost always too heavy.

19. How does the amount of work you’re expected to do influence the way you do your job?

Possible responses are 1 = it never allows me to do a good job, 2 = it seldom allows me to do a good job, 3 = it has no effect on how I do my job, 4 = it usually allows me to do a good job, 5 = it always allows me to do a good job.

20. How does the amount of work you’re expected to do influence your overall attitude toward your job?

Possible responses are 5 = it has a very favorable influence, 4 =it has a favorable influence, 3 = it has no influence one way or the other, 2 = it has an unfavorable influence, I = it has a very unfavorable influence.

21. How do you feel about the amount of work you’re expected to do?

Possible responses are 1 = very dissatisfied, 2 = somewhat dissatisfied, 3 = neither satisfied nor dissatisfied, 4 = somewhat satisfied, 5 = very satisfied.

Co-workers items:

22. How do you generally feel about the employees you work with?

Possible responses are 5 = they are the best group I could ask for, 4 = / like them a great deal, 3 = I like them fairly well, 2 =/have no feeling one way or the other, I = I don’t particularly care for them.

23. How is your overall attitude toward your job influenced by the people you work with?

Possible responses are 5 = it is very favorably influenced, 4 = it is favor­ ably influenced, 3 = it is not influenced one way or the other, 2 = it is unfavorably influenced, 1 = it is very unfavorably influenced.

24. The example my fellow employees set:

Possible responses are 1 = greatly discourages me from working hard, 2 = somewhat discourages me from working hard, 3= has little effect on me, 4 = somewhat encourages me to work hard, 5 = greatly encourages me to work hard.

25. How much does the way co-workers handle their jobs add to the success of your organization?

Possible responses are 1 = it adds almost nothing, 2 = it adds very little, 3 = it adds only a little, 4 = it adds quite a bit, 5 = it adds a very great deal.

26. In this organization, there is:

Possible responses are 1 = a very great deal of friction, 2 = quite a bit of friction, 3 = some friction, 4 = little friction, 5 = almost no friction.

Physical work conditions items:

27. How much pride can you take in the appearance of your work place?

Possible responses are 5= a very great deal,4= quite a bit,3= some, 2 = little, l = very little.

28. How do you feel about your physical working conditions?

Possible responses are 5 = extremely satisfied, 4 = well satisfied, 3 = only moderately satisfied, 2= somewhat dissatisfied, l = very dissatisfied.

29. How do your physical working conditions influence your overall attitude toward your job?

Possible responses are l = they have a very unfavorable influence, 2 = they have a slightly unfavorable influence, 3 = they have no influence one way or the other, 4 = they have a favorable influence, 5= they have a very favorable influence.

30. The physical working conditions make working here:

Possible responses are 1 = very unpleasant, 2 = unpleasant, 3 = neither pleasant nor unpleasant, 4 = pleasant, 5 = very pleasant.

31. For the work I do, my physical working conditions are:

Possible responses are 1 = very poor, 2 = relatively poor, 3 = neither good nor poor, 4 = reasonably good, 5 = very good.

32. How do your physical working conditions affect the way you do your job?

Possible responses are 5 = they help me a great deal, 4 = they help me a little, 3 = they make little difference, 2 = they tend to make it difficult, 1 = they make it very difficult.

Financial rewards items:

33. For the job I do, I feel the amount of money I make is:

Possible responses are 5 = extremely good, 4 = good, 3 = neither good nor poor, 2 = fairly poor, I = very poor.

34. To what extent are your needs satisfied by the pay and benefits you receive?

Possible responses are 1 = almost none of my needs are satisfied, 2 = very few of my needs are satisfied, 3 = a few of my needsare satisfied, 4 = many of my needs are satisfied, 5 = almost all of my needsare satisfied

35. Considering what it costs to live in this area, my pay is:

Possible responses are 1 = very inadequate, 2 = inadequate, 3 = barely adequate, 4 = adequate, 5 = more than adequate.

36. Does the way pay is handled around here make it worthwhile for a person to work especially hard?

Possible responses are 5 = it definitely encourages hard work, 4 = it tends to encourage hard work, 3 = it makes little difference, 2 = it tends to discourage hard work, I = it definitely discourages hard work.

37. How does the amount of money you now make influence your overall attitude toward your job?

Possible responses are 5 = it has a very favorable influence, 4 = it has a fairly favorable influence, 3 = it has no influence one way or the other, 2 = it has a slightly unfavorable influence, 1 = it has a very unfavorable influence.

Career future items:

38. How do you feel about your future with this organization?

Possible responses are 1=/am very worried about it, 2 = I am somewhat worried about it, 3 = I have mixed feelings about it, 4 = /feel good about it, 5 = I feel very good about it.

39. How do your feelings about your future with the company influence your overall attitude toward your job?

Possible responses are 5 = they have a very favorable influence, 4 = they have a favorable influence, 3 = they have no influence one way or the other, 2 = they have a slightly unfavorable influence, I = they have a very unfavorable influence.

40. The way my future with the company looks to me now:

Possible responses are 5 = hard work seems very worthwhile, 4 = hard work seems fairly worthwhile, 3 = hard work seems worthwhile, 2 = hard work hardly seems worthwhile, I = hard work seems almost worth­ less.

41. Do you feel you are getting ahead in the company?

Possible responses are 5 = I’m making a great deal of progress, 4 = I’m making some progress, 3 = I’m not sure, 2 = I’m making very little prog­ ress, 1 = I’m making no progress.

42. How secure are you in your present job?

Possible responses are 1 = /feel very uneasy about it, 2 = /feel fairly un­ easy about it, 3 = /feel somewhat uneasy about it, 4 = /feel fairly sure of it, 5 = I feel very sure of it.