Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) – Chinese Version

Description

Different individuals with varying circadian rhythms often exhibit distinct physiological characteristics. Some people tend to sleep and wake early, referred to as Morningness Sleepers (MS), likened to the lark, while others prefer to sleep and wake late, known as Eveningness Sleepers (ES), likened to the owl. These tendencies are significant features of daily cycles, regulated by a dual-process model (self-regulating processes and biological rhythm processes). The self-regulating process relates to the duration of wakefulness and sleep pressure, while the biological rhythm process is determined by an internal physiological clock. This dual-process model is also linked to a series of sleep characteristics, including sleep length and daytime alertness levels. Individuals with different circadian tendencies not only differ in their bedtimes but may also show variations in age, sex, physiology, psychology, and socioeconomic status. These differences relate not only to their intrinsic biological rhythms but could also be associated with varying levels of daytime sleepiness, affecting their work, study, and social functions. Circadian rhythm disorders are an important class of sleep disorders, including advanced/delayed sleep phase syndrome, non-24-hour sleep-wake disorder, shift work disorder, and jet lag. Understanding circadian rhythms is essential for diagnosing and treating such conditions.

Authors and Contact Email

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Purpose

The purpose is to explore the relationship between MS and ES and the consumption of psychoactive substances (such as nicotine and alcohol), and to provide an efficient tool for assessing circadian rhythms.

Test Year

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Administration Method and Scoring

The Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire-5 (MEQ-5) is a simplified version derived from the MEQ-19. The MEQ-19, originally developed by Horne and Ostberg, consists of 19 items and has been widely translated. The MEQ-5 was statistically derived from the MEQ-19’s top five items for efficient circadian assessment.

Reliability and Validity

A study by Li Weixia indicated that the Cronbach’s α coefficient for the Chinese version of MEQ-5 reached 0.736, and the split-half reliability was 0.592, suggesting good internal consistency. The variance explained by a one-factor model was 51.58%, and the item loadings ranged from 0.527 to 0.706, indicating good structural validity.

Factors and Subscales

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Keywords

Circadian Rhythm, Morningness, Eveningness, Sleep Quality, MEQ-5

Items in Chinese

1. 如果你仅需考虑自己的生活习惯,而且能完全自由地计划白天的时间,你希望什么时间起床?
2. 清晨起床后的半小时内,你有多么的疲倦?
3. 你会在夜晚的什么时间感到疲倦,而且需要睡眠?
4. 一天中的什么时间是你的最佳时间?
5. 人可分为“清晨”型和“夜晚”型,你认为你自己属于哪一种类型?

Items in English

1. If you could only consider your living habits and could completely freely plan your daytime, what time would you prefer to wake up?
2. How tired do you feel in the first half hour after waking up in the morning?
3. At what time in the evening do you feel tired and need to sleep?
4. What time of day is your best time?
5. People can be classified as “morning” type or “evening” type. Which type do you think you belong to?

References

李伟霞. 不同睡眠节律青年学生的心理学特征[D].南方医科大学,2016.
杨清. 社区老年人主观认知减退现状及相关精神行为症状的研究[D].华中科技大学,2020.DOI:10.27157/d.cnki.ghzku.2020.004171.
张斌,郝彦利,荣润国.清晨型与夜晚型评定量表的信度与效度[J].中国行为医学科学,2006(09):856-858.