Effort-Reward Imbalance Scale – Chinese Version

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Description

At present, many studies evaluating the impact of work stress on population health use the Effort-Reward Imbalance (ERI) scale proposed by Siegrist. The Effort-Reward Imbalance model posits that efforts in work primarily refer to observable quantitative and qualitative workloads, as well as recent increases in workload, including time, energy (mental), physical effort, and responsibilities; while rewards in work include money, respect (in terms of acknowledgment and recognition), and career opportunities. The meaning of work lies in individuals contributing their labor and consequently receiving corresponding rewards, respect, recognition, and a sense of belonging. In the workplace, a lack of reciprocity between effort and reward (e.g., high effort with low reward) can lead to negative emotions, resulting in continuous changes in the neuro-endocrine system, ultimately affecting health. The Chinese version of the ERI scale includes three parts: effort (付出), reward (获得), and over-commitment (超负荷), with a total of 23 items.

Authors and Contact Email

Li Xiuyang, Guo Yongsong, Zhang Yang.

Purpose

To measure the imbalance between effort and reward in the workplace and its impacts on health.

Test Year

Information not available.

Administration Method and Scoring

The ERI scale includes items that respondents rate based on their agreement. Items 1-17 utilize a scoring system where respondents select whether they agree with the statement and then indicate the level of distress caused by that situation. Items 18-23 assess agreement with statements concerning feelings and behaviors related to work stress.

Reliability and Validity

Information not available.

Factors and Subscales

Dimensions:

• 付出 (Effort)
• 获得 (Reward)
• 超负荷 (Over-commitment)

Keywords

Effort-Reward Imbalance, Work Stress, Health Impact, Occupational Psychology.

Items in Chinese

1. 因为工作量大,我一直有时间上的压力。
2. 工作时,我常常被打断或受到干扰。
3. 工作中,我必须承担很多责任。
4. 我常常不得不加班。
5. 我的工作需要耗费体力。
6. 最近几年来,我的工作负担越来越重。
7. 上司给了我应有的尊重。
8. 同事给了我应有的尊重。
9. 在工作遇到困难时,我会得到适当的帮助。
10. 在工作上,我受到不公平的对待。
11. 我工作获得晋升的机会很少。
12. 我曾经历(或预料会经历)工作处境变坏。
13. 我的工作没有保障。
14. 就我的学历和所受的培训而言,目前的工作职位对我是相称的。
15. 就我付出的努力与既有成就而言,我在工作中得到了应有的尊重和威望。
16. 就我付出的努力与既有的成就而言,我会有恰当的工作前景。
17. 就我付出的努力与既有的成就而言,我会有恰当的工资收入。
18. 在工作中，我很容易感到时间的压力而烦躁。
19. 早上刚起床，我就考虑工作上的问题。
20. 当我回到家里，我就可以容易的放松和忘记工作。
21. 我的熟人说我为工作牺牲太大。
22. 我总是在上床睡觉时脑子里还想着工作。
23. 如果把今天的工作推迟，我会睡不好觉。

Items in English

1. Because of a heavy workload, I am under time pressure all the time.
2. During work, I am often interrupted or distracted.
3. I have to take on a lot of responsibilities at work.
4. I often have to work overtime.
5. My job requires physical effort.
6. In recent years, my workload has become heavier.
7. My supervisor gives me the respect I deserve.
8. My colleagues give me the respect I deserve.
9. I receive appropriate help when I encounter difficulties at work.
10. I am treated unfairly at work.
11. I have few opportunities for promotion at work.
12. I have experienced (or anticipate) worsening work conditions.
13. My job lacks security.
14. Considering my education and training, my current job position is appropriate for me.
15. Based on my efforts and existing achievements, I obtain the respect and prestige I deserve at work.
16. Based on my efforts and existing achievements, I expect appropriate career prospects.
17. Based on my efforts and existing achievements, I expect appropriate salary income.
18. In work, I easily feel time pressure and become irritable.
19. As soon as I wake up in the morning, I think about work-related issues.
20. When I return home, I can easily relax and forget about work.
21. My acquaintances say I sacrifice too much for work.
22. I always think about work when I go to bed.
23. If I delay today’s work, I will not sleep well.

References

李秀央,郭永松,张扬.付出-获得不平衡量表中文版的信度和效度[J].中华流行病学杂志,2006(01):25-28.

周萍. 护士离职意愿及其相关因素的研究[D].浙江大学,2008.

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