Enterprise Social Media Usage and Employee Creativity-Model Questionnaire

Abstract

The Enterprise Social Media Usage and Employee Creativity–Model (Si et al., 2023) was formulated to support a study that investigates the connection between the excessive use of enterprise social media (ESM) and the creativity of employees, employing the transactional theory of stress and coping (Lazarus & Folkman, 1984) as its foundational framework. Grounded in this theory, the initial set of proposed items was adapted from various preceding research studies, including those by Caplan & High (2006), Turel et al. (2011), Tarafdar et al. (2010), Zhang et al. (2016), and Tierney & Farmer (2011). The developers utilized the back-translation method, as described by Brislin (1980), to convert the original 21 items into Chinese. The resulting instrument was assessed through structural equation modeling and was administered to a sample of employees working within the information technology sector in China. The study reported findings related to the factor structure, reliability, and validity of the final 19-item scale.

Keywords

Employee Creativity; Enterprise Social Media Fatigue; Enterprise Social Media Usage; Excessive Enterprise Social Media Usage; Techno-Overload; Technology Overload; Technology-Family Conflict; Transactional Theory of Stress and Coping

Authors

Wen Si, Naseer Abbas Khan, Muhammad Ali, Muhammad Waqas Amin, Qianyun Pan

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Purpose

This measurement model is designed to evaluate the relationship that exists between the excessive usage of enterprise social media (ESM) and the creativity demonstrated by employees.

Construct

The core constructs measured by this instrument are Employee Creativity, Enterprise Social Media Usage, and Technology Overload.

Validity

Evidence for the model’s validity was established through several methods. For convergent validity, the composite reliability values for all dimensions were above the recommended 0.70 threshold (Nunally & Bernstein, 1994), and the average variance extracted (AVE) values exceeded the 0.50 benchmark (Fornell & Larcker, 1981). These results provide strong support for convergent validity. For discriminant validity, it was confirmed that all correlations between the constructs were lower than the square roots of the corresponding average variance extracted, meeting the criteria for discriminant validity as outlined by Fornell & Larcker (1981).

Reliability

The internal consistency of the scale was assessed, revealing that Cronbach’s alpha coefficients for the different dimensions ranged from 0.76 to 0.85.

Factor Analysis

A principal component factor analysis was initially conducted on the survey items to execute Harman’s single-factor test (Podsakoff et al., 1990). This analysis identified four factors with values greater than one; however, a common method factor was not discernible. Following the removal of certain items, a Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was performed. The CFA indicated a satisfactory fit for the measurement model, with the following fit indices: 𝜒² = 173.93, df = 142, RMSEA = 0.03, CFI = 0.99, TLI = 0.98, and NFI = 0.93.

Instrument

Test Type: This is the original instrument. It is an inventory/questionnaire.
Format: The questionnaire is divided into two sections: one for demographic variables and another for the model’s constructs. Respondents are required to indicate their level of agreement on a seven-point Likert scale, where 1 represents “strongly disagree” and 7 represents “strongly agree”.
Language Available: English; Chinese
Population Group: Human; Male; Female
Age Group: Adulthood (18 yrs & older); Young Adulthood (18-29 yrs); Thirties (30-39 yrs); Middle Age (40-64 yrs)
Population Details: The study’s respondents were employees in the Information Technology Industry, located in China.
Test Methodology: The instrument’s development involved assessments of Test Validity, including Convergent Validity and Discriminant Validity; Test Reliability, specifically Internal Consistency; and Factor Analysis, which included both Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Principal Component Analysis.

Keywords

Creativity; Creativity Assessment; Employee Attitudes; Employee Characteristics; Internet Addiction; Job Characteristics; Occupational Stress; Theories; Work Load; Internet Usage; Social Media; Organizational and Occupational Measures; Family Work Conflict; Digital Fatigue; Employee Creativity; Social Media Use

Authors

• Si, Wen

  • Author ORCID Identifier: No data is Available

  • Affiliation: Chongqing College Of Mobile Communication School Of Art And Communication

  • Email addresses: No data is Available

• Khan, Naseer Abbas

  • Author ORCID Identifier: No data is Available

  • Affiliation: South Ural State University Department of Industrial Economics and Project Management

  • Email addresses: [email protected]

• Ali, Muhammad

  • Author ORCID Identifier: No data is Available

  • Affiliation: Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology

  • Email addresses: [email protected]

• Amin, Muhammad Waqas

  • Author ORCID Identifier: No data is Available

  • Affiliation: Yanshan University School of Management

  • Email addresses: [email protected]

• Pan, Qianyun

  • Author ORCID Identifier: No data is Available

  • Affiliation: Chongqing College Of Mobile Communication School Of Art And Communication

  • Email addresses: [email protected]

• Correspondence Address: Muhammad Ali: [email protected]

Permissions & Fee and Test Year

Permissions: May be used for Research/Teaching. The instrument is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Commercial Use: No
Fee: No
Test Year: 2023

Reference’s

Si, W., Khan, N. A., Ali, M., Amin, M. W., & Pan, Q. (2023). Excessive enterprise social media usage and employee creativity: An application of the transactional theory of stress and coping. Acta Psychologica, 232, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2022.103811

Items of the Enterprise Social Media Usage and Employee Creativity–Model

Yes, the 19 items of the measure are available. They can be found in the source article: 2023-38603-001, Table 2, Page 5. The construct subscales include: Excessive enterprise social media usage; Techno-overload; Technology-family conflict; Enterprise social media fatigue; Employee creativity.

Respondents are asked to report their responses on a seven-point Likert scale of 1 for strongly disagree to 7 for strongly agree.