Cultural Inheritance-Based Innovation Scale

Abstract

The Cultural Inheritance-Based Innovation (CIBI) Scale, developed by Wang et al. (2023), aims to assess the practical performance of Cultural Inheritance-Based Innovation (CIBI) at heritage tourism destinations (HTDs). The scale’s content was derived from an in-depth analysis of interviews with respondents from HTDs in China. The resulting 13-item CIBI Scale was subsequently evaluated using a sample of Chinese tourists, with detailed reporting of factor analysis, reliability, and validity results for these items. The primary goal of this scale is to enrich and expand the theoretical understanding of cultural innovation in tourism destinations and to foster discourse on the relationship between cultural innovation and sustainable development.

Keywords
Cultural Inheritance-Based Innovation Assessment; Heritage Tourism Destinations; Cultural Innovation; Sustainable Development; Cultural Transforming Creation; Cultural Living Display; Cultural Creative Dissemination; Cultural Authentic Production.

Authors
Wang, Mei-Yu; Li, Yong-Quan; Ruan, Wen-Qi; Zhang, Shu-Ning; Li, Rui

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Purpose

The purpose of the CIBI Scale is to enrich and expand the theoretical knowledge of cultural innovation at tourism destinations and to promote the discussion of the relationship between cultural innovation and sustainable development.

Validity

Construct Validity: The standardized loadings for all items exceeded 0.6, and the items collectively explained 71.392% of the variance, indicating good construct validity for the CIBI scale.

Convergent Validity: The composite reliability (CR) for each dimension surpassed the threshold of 0.7, and the average variance extracted (AVE) for each dimension was above the 0.5 threshold. This demonstrates good convergent validity for the CIBI scale.

Discriminant Validity: The correlation coefficients between constructs ranged from 0.3 to 0.7, which was lower than the square root of the AVEs of each construct. This finding suggests that the scale possesses good discriminant validity.

Predictive Validity: CIBI showed positive effects on both satisfaction (r = 0.749, p < 0.001) and recommendation intention (r = 0.690, p < 0.001). Furthermore, each dimension of CIBI also demonstrated a significant positive effect on satisfaction and recommendation intention, indicating good predictive validity for the CIBI scale.

Reliability

Internal Consistency: The Cronbach’s alpha for each dimension was greater than 0.839, signifying good reliability for the CIBI scale.

Factor Analysis

Exploratory Factor Analysis and Principal Component Analysis: Through several iterations, a 13-item scale with four factors was developed. All factor loadings ranged from 0.726 to 0.854, and the commonalities were between 0.744 and 0.860. These factors collectively explained 82.459% of the overall variance.

Confirmatory Factor Analysis: Various models were examined, including a one-factor model, a 2-dimensional model, a 3-dimensional model, and a 4-dimensional model. The 4-dimensional model exhibited the best model fit (χ2/df = 3.769, RMSEA = 0.055, CFI = 0.972, GFI = 0.961, AGFI = 0.940, TLI = 0.963). Additionally, to account for potential higher-order factors among the latent variables, a second-order model was established. The results showed that the second-order model also provided a good fit to the data (χ2/df = 3.727, RMSEA = 0.055, CFI = 0.971, GFI = 0.960, AGFI = 0.941, TLI = 0.963), thus supporting a second-order measurement structure for CIBI.

Instrument: Cultural Inheritance-Based Innovation (CIBI) Scale

Test Type: Original
Format: Items are rated using a 7-point Likert scale.
Language Available: Chinese
Population Group: Human; Male; Female
Age Group: Adulthood (18 yrs & older)
Population Details: Respondents: Tourists, Location: China
Test Methodology: Test Validity; Construct Validity; Convergent Validity; Discriminant Validity; Predictive Validity; Test Reliability; Internal Consistency; Factor Analysis; Confirmatory Factor Analysis; Exploratory Factor Analysis; Principal Component Analysis.

Keywords
Cultural Inheritance-Based Innovation Assessment; Heritage Tourism Destinations; Cultural Innovation; Sustainable Development; Cultural Transforming Creation; Cultural Living Display; Cultural Creative Dissemination; Cultural Authentic Production.

Authors

Author Orcid Identifier:
Wang, Mei-Yu: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0697-110X

Affiliation:
Wang, Mei-Yu: Huaqiao University, College of Tourism
Li, Yong-Quan: Huaqiao University, College of Tourism Research Center of Tourism and Service Management
Ruan, Wen-Qi: Huaqiao University, College of Tourism
Zhang, Shu-Ning: Huaqiao University, College of Tourism
Li, Rui: Huaqiao University, College of Tourism

Email addresses:
Wang, Mei-Yu: [email protected]
Li, Yong-Quan: [email protected]
Ruan, Wen-Qi: [email protected]
Zhang, Shu-Ning: [email protected]
Li, Rui: [email protected]

Correspondence Address:
Ruan, Wen-Qi: Huaqiao University, College of Tourism, Fujian, Quanzhou, China, 362021, [email protected]

Permissions & Fee and Test Year

Permissions: May use for Research/Teaching
Commercial: No
Fee: No
Test Year: 2023

References

Wang, M.-Y., Li, Y.-Q., Ruan, W.-Q., Zhang, S.-N., & Li, R. (2023). Cultural inheritance-based innovation at heritage tourism destinations: Conceptualization, structural dimensions and scale development. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 55, 118–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2023.03.009

Items of the Cultural Inheritance-Based Innovation (CIBI) Scale

The Cultural Inheritance-Based Innovation (CIBI) Scale consists of 13 items.
Subscales:

• Cultural authentic production

• Cultural creative dissemination

• Cultural living display

• Cultural transforming creation

No data is Available regarding the specific wording of each of the 13 items.

Cultural authentic production

• This destination extracts local multicultural characteristics.

• This destination integrates local rich cultural meanings.

• This destination maintains strong cultural and living flavor.

• This destination retains the characteristics and quality of traditional materials.

Cultural creative dissemination

• This destination builds unique brands to enhance local cultural influences.

• This destination promotes local culture with pop culture interestingly.

• This destination uses new media to convey local values and lifestyles.

Cultural living display

• This destination immerses me by combining traditional arts and high-tech settings.

• This destination uses digital and multimedia technology to dynamically present heritage culture.

• This destination actively engages in cultural display interactions.

Cultural transforming creation

• This destination improves heritage tourism products and services to adapt to contemporary life.

• This destination reflects the local folklore to strengthen emotional connections with me.

• This destination adds modern aesthetics to expand traditional cultural values.