Bateria de Avaliação da Coordenação Motora em Crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autismo (BACMA)

Abstract

The Bateria de Avaliação da Coordenação Motora em Crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autismo (BACMA; Monteiro et al., 2023) is a comprehensive battery of tests designed to evaluate motor coordination in children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The development of BACMA was rooted in fundamental motor skills that are directly relevant to daily living activities, aligning with the principles outlined by Gallahue & Ozmun (2013), who emphasize the standardization of common movements focusing on essential skills such as manipulation, locomotion, and balance. The Paralympic Sports Working and Research Group (GTP) identified a need for a comparative assessment between existing motor coordination test batteries for children, including the Körperkooordinations Test für Kinder (KTK; Gorla et al., 2014), the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test (TBO; Moreira et al., 2008), and the Broad Motor Development Test-Second Edition (TGMD-2; Melo et al., 2018). The finalized version of BACMA comprises four distinct tests aimed at evaluating core motor skills: locomotion, manipulation, balance, and jumping. Data collection for BACMA involved trained and active Health and Education professionals with over two years of experience in caring for children with ASD. The battery’s validity and reliability have been rigorously reported.

Keywords

Autism Spectrum Disorder; Motor Coordination

Authors

Monteiro, Carlos Eduardo Lima; di Masi, Fabrizio; de Souza, Divaldo Martins; dos Santos, Darlan Tavares; de Sousa, Moisés Simão Santa Rosa; Dantas, Estélio Henrique Martin

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Purpose

The BACMA is a motor coordination assessment battery specifically developed for children with autism.

Validity

Content Validity: The BACMA demonstrates a high level of agreement, with a reported content validity of 0.99%.

Reliability

Test Reliability: The internal consistency of the BACMA is exceptionally strong, as indicated by a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.99.

Factor Analysis

No data is Available.

Instrument: BACMA

• Test Type: Original

• Format: Battery

• Language Available: Portuguese

• Population Group: Human; Male; Female

• Age Group: Adulthood (18 yrs & older)

• Population Details: The study participants were trained Health and Education Professionals with extensive experience (more than two years) working with children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The data collection took place in Brazil.

• Test Methodology: The methodology employed in the development and validation of BACMA included Test Validity, Content Validity, Test Reliability, and Internal Consistency analysis.

Keywords

Autism Spectrum Disorder; Balance; Jumps; Locomotion; Manipulation; Motor Coordination; Motor Skills; Psychomotor Performance; Test Battery

Authors

• Monteiro, Carlos Eduardo Lima

  • Author ORCID Identifier: No data is Available

  • Affiliation Email addresses: [email protected]

  • Affiliation: Programa de Doutorado em Enfermagem e Biociências – PPgEnfBio, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro – UNIRIO

  • Correspondence Address: Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro – UNIRIO, Programa de Doutorado em Enfermagem e Biociências – PPgEnfBio, Avenida Pasteur, Bairro Urca. Caixa Postal 296, Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil, CEP: 22290-250, [email protected]

• di Masi, Fabrizio

  • Author ORCID Identifier: No data is Available

  • Affiliation Email addresses: No data is Available

  • Affiliation: Departamento de Educação Física e Esporte, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro – UFRRJ

• de Souza, Divaldo Martins

  • Author ORCID Identifier: No data is Available

  • Affiliation Email addresses: No data is Available

  • Affiliation: Departamento de Esporte, Universidade do Estado do Para – UEPA

• dos Santos, Darlan Tavares

  • Author ORCID Identifier: No data is Available

  • Affiliation Email addresses: No data is Available

  • Affiliation: Programa de Doutorado em Enfermagem e Biociências – PPgEnfBio, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro – UNIRIO

• de Sousa, Moisés Simão Santa Rosa

  • Author ORCID Identifier: No data is Available

  • Affiliation Email addresses: No data is Available

  • Affiliation: Departamento de Esporte, Universidade do Estado do Para – UEPA

• Dantas, Estélio Henrique Martin

  • Author ORCID Identifier: No data is Available

  • Affiliation Email addresses: No data is Available

  • Affiliation: Programa de Doutorado em Enfermagem e Biociências – PPgEnfBio, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro – UNIRIO

Permissions & Fee and Test Year

• Permissions: Contact Corresponding Author (Monteiro, Carlos Eduardo Lima: [email protected])

• Commercial: No

• Fee: No

• Test Year: 2023

References

Monteiro, C. E. L., di Masi, F., de Souza, D. M., dos Santos, D. T., de Sousa, M. S. S. R., & Dantas, E. H. M. (2023). Criação e determinação da validade de uma bateria de teste para coordenação motora em crianças com autismo [Creation and determination of the validity of a test battery for motor coordination in children with autism]. Motricidade, 19(3).

Items of the BACMA

The BACMA battery consists of four distinct tests. These tests are specifically designed to assess fundamental motor skills, including locomotion, manipulation, balance, and jumping. The individual items within each of these four tests are not explicitly detailed in the provided text.