Patient Privacy Scale – Chinese Version

Description

Patient privacy specifically refers to all personal secrets related to a patient’s illness and health that can be legally obtained by medical institutions and personnel but must not be disclosed recklessly. The scope of patient privacy is influenced by cultural, legal, and customary practices in different regions, leading to various perspectives on what constitutes patient privacy. Scholars both domestically and internationally have proposed multiple classification methods. Generally, most researchers tend to categorize patient privacy into the following aspects: physical, informational, psychological, and social. Physical privacy includes matters the patient does not wish to disclose about their intimate areas, bodily defects, or other body parts. Informational privacy pertains to health-related information and other private details the patient does not wish to have disclosed. Psychological privacy encompasses a patient’s religious beliefs, interests, and preferences. Social privacy involves the patient’s income, private life, and social relationships. Additionally, various scholars have differing views on the contents included in informational privacy; for instance, Huang Huiman et al. argue that privacy encompasses all information about the patient, while another party contends that not all personal information qualifies as patient privacy. The Cronbach’s α coefficient for the Patient Privacy Protection Scale (Internship Version) was 0.967, with Cronbach’s α for the five dimensions ranging from 0.891 to 0.974. The split-half reliability was 0.910, and re-test reliability for 130 intern nurses two weeks later was 0.8682.

Authors and Contact Email

Information not available.

Purpose

Information not available.

Test Year

Information not available.

Administration Method and Scoring

The Patient Privacy Scale (PPS) consists of 25 questions that you are asked to score based on their importance. The scoring is as follows:
– Very unimportant
– Unimportant
– Neutral
– Important
– Very important

The total score ranges from 25 to 125 points, with higher scores indicating a greater emphasis placed on patient privacy protection by intern nurses.

Reliability and Validity

The Cronbach’s α coefficient for the Patient Privacy Protection Scale (Internship Version) was 0.967, and the split-half reliability was 0.910. The re-test reliability for 130 intern nurses two weeks later was 0.8682.

Factors and Subscales

The revised Patient Privacy Protection Scale (Internship Version) includes the following five dimensions and 25 items:
– 个人信息和生活隐私 (Personal Information and Life Privacy)
– 性别隐私与管理制度 (Gender Privacy and Management Systems)
– 无决定能力者隐私 (Privacy of Individuals Lacking Decision-Making Capacity)
– 操作环境隐私 (Operational Environment Privacy)
– 身体隐私 (Physical Privacy)

Keywords

patient privacy, healthcare, intern nurses, privacy protection, assessment scale

Items in Chinese

1. 在患者穿脱衣服时为其提供私密空间
2. 在移动患者时会注意保护其身体隐私
3. 在患者大小便时会注意保护其身体隐私
4. 即便在急诊急救时，您也会采取必要措施保护患者的身体隐私(例如提供必要的病员服/类似服装)
5. 根据患者的意识情况，会选择先敲门，征求患者同意后再进入
6. 除非征得患者同意，您不允许任何人在房间内观看护理操作
7. 当同一病房入住多位患者时，你会确保她/他们属于同性别患者，并使用分隔帘进行隐私保护
8. 会根据患者的意愿尽量安排与患者同一性别的护理员
9. 在保护患者身体隐私方面有困难时，会寻求相关部门的支持
10. 即便出于教学的目的，未经患者同意绝不会使用其信息(如病例记录、个人身份等)
11. 采取必要措施以防他人获取患者的个人信息(如不允许他人在病历本/办公系统上随意拍照记录，及时退出办公系统等)
12. 当使用通讯设备时，会注意通信安全以保护患者的个人信息
13. 除非对患者及其护理有利，否则不会与其口他医护人员随意讨论患者的个人信息
14. 因工作需要而谈论患者的个人信息时，你会采取一定的预防措施，如轻声讲话
15. 未经患者知情同意，不会随意向其亲属/第三方披露患者的私密/个人信息
16. 不会在公众场所谈论患者的私人生活、生活方式及个人信息等
17. 即使患者表现出攻击性行为，你也不会羞辱患者或随意披露患者的个人信息
18. 在实施各项操作前，会确保该操作环境能达到隐私保护的需求(如不允许操作以外的任何人出入)
19. 在必要时使用屏风、隔帘、被单等保护患者隐私
20. 在护理操作前，会告诉患者具体的操作步骤和保护患者隐私的方法
21. 在任何操作过程中都会采取一定的预防措施来保护患者身体隐私(如仅暴露被操作的身体局部区域)
22. 当患者昏迷/死亡时，你会采取必要的预防措施以保护其身体隐私
23. 即使患者昏迷/死亡，也会对其隐私和秘密加以保护(除法律要求或不可避免的情况外)
24. 当患者是脆弱人群(如弱智、儿童)不能很好保护自己时，您会保护其隐私/秘密
25. 实施护理操作时，你会参照患者的宗教信仰等方面保护其隐私

Items in English

1. Provide a private space for the patient when changing clothes.
2. Pay attention to protecting the patient’s physical privacy during movement.
3. Be mindful of protecting the patient’s physical privacy when using the bathroom.
4. Even in emergencies, take necessary measures to protect the patient’s physical privacy (e.g., provide appropriate patient gowns/clothing).
5. Knock and ask for the patient’s consent before entering based on their awareness level.
6. Do not allow anyone to observe care procedures in the room without the patient’s consent.
7. When multiple patients share a room, ensure they are of the same gender and use curtains for privacy protection.
8. Arrange for caregivers of the same gender as the patient as much as possible, based on the patient’s wishes.
9. Seek support from relevant departments if there are difficulties in protecting the patient’s physical privacy.
10. Do not use the patient’s information (e.g., medical records, personal identity) without consent, even for educational purposes.
11. Take necessary measures to prevent others from accessing the patient’s personal information (e.g., do not allow unauthorized photographs of medical records).
12. Ensure communication security to protect the patient’s personal information when using communication devices.
13. Avoid casually discussing the patient’s personal information with other medical personnel unless beneficial to the patient and their care.
14. Take precautions, such as speaking softly, when discussing the patient’s personal information for work purposes.
15. Do not disclose the patient’s private/personal information to relatives/third parties without informed consent from the patient.
16. Do not discuss the patient’s private life, lifestyle, or personal information in public places.
17. Do not humiliate the patient or disclose their personal information, even if they display aggressive behavior.
18. Ensure that the operational environment meets privacy protection needs before performing any procedures (e.g., only allow authorized personnel).
19. Use screens, curtains, or sheets as necessary to protect patient privacy.
20. Inform the patient about the steps of the procedure and methods for protecting privacy before the nursing operation.
21. Take precautions during operations to protect the patient’s physical privacy (e.g., only expose the body parts being treated).
22. Take necessary precautions to protect the patient’s physical privacy if they are comatose or deceased.
23. Protect the patient’s privacy and secrets even if they are comatose or deceased (except as legally required or unavoidable situations).
24. Protect the privacy/secrets of vulnerable groups (e.g., those with intellectual disabilities, children) who cannot protect themselves well.
25. Refer to the patient’s religious beliefs to protect their privacy during nursing procedures.

References

张静.患者隐私量表的汉化修订及在实习护生中的应用[J].[2023-12-20].