Narcissistic Personality Scale – Chinese Version

Description

Narcissism, as the name suggests, refers to a person who is fond of themselves and loves themselves. The term “narcissism” in English culture has its roots in the Greek word “narkissos,” which corresponds to the English word “narcissus.” This term refers to both a plant—specifically the daffodil—and a person by the name of Narcissus. The legend stems from Greek mythology, where the beautiful youth Narcissus fell in love with his own reflection in water, gradually becoming emaciated and dying, ultimately transforming into the flower named after him (the daffodil).

Currently, there is no unified and strict operational definition of narcissism. Clinically, narcissism is viewed as a personality disorder. In non-clinical contexts, narcissism is generally seen as a long-term, multifaceted, and comprehensive personality construct characterized by an excessive focus on and obsession with oneself, one’s self-image, and how one is perceived by others. It involves an exaggerated sense of self-importance, where individuals believe they are superior to others and entitled to special privileges and treatment. Studies show that individuals with covert narcissism tend to experience higher levels of anxiety and depression, lack satisfaction, and are more vulnerable to traumatic events in life. Recent research indicates that overt narcissists are generally happier than covert narcissists, having higher self-esteem and greater life satisfaction. In contrast, covert narcissists report lower self-esteem and satisfaction (Rose, 2002). Therefore, it is argued that overt narcissism is more closely associated with psychological health compared to its covert counterpart.

Authors and Contact Email

信息不详

Purpose

To explore the dimensions and impacts of both overt and covert narcissism on individuals.

Test Year

2015

Administration Method and Scoring

The Narcissistic Personality Scale (NS) was developed by Zheng Yong and Huang Li in 2015. The scale consists of two subscales: overt narcissism (显性自恋) and covert narcissism (隐性自恋). The overt narcissism subscale includes four dimensions:权欲感 (sense of power), 优越感 (sense of superiority), 特权感 (sense of entitlement), and 自我钦羡 (self-admiration), with a total of 20 items. The covert narcissism subscale includes three dimensions: 易感质 (sensitivity), 特权感 (sense of entitlement), and 自我钦羡 (self-admiration), with 15 items. There are 7 common items between the two. The questionnaire employs a 5-point scoring system, where higher scores indicate a higher tendency towards narcissism. The internal consistency (α coefficient) of the total score for narcissism is 0.84 (0.83 for overt narcissism and 0.76 for covert narcissism). The scale demonstrates good reliability and validity, and its dimensions are comprehensive while maintaining a manageable number of items. It is frequently used by researchers in China.

Reliability and Validity

The overall α coefficient for the Narcissistic Personality Scale (NS) is 0.84, with 0.83 for overt narcissism and 0.76 for covert narcissism, indicating good reliability. The scale has demonstrated good validity as well.

Factors and Subscales

– 显性自恋 (Overt Narcissism):
– 权欲感 (Sense of Power)
– 优越感 (Sense of Superiority)
– 特权感 (Sense of Entitlement)
– 自我钦羡 (Self-Admiration)

– 隐性自恋 (Covert Narcissism):
– 易感质 (Sensitivity)
– 特权感 (Sense of Entitlement)
– 自我钦羡 (Self-Admiration)

Keywords

Narcissism, Overt Narcissism, Covert Narcissism, Personality Disorder, Psychological Health

Items in Chinese

1. 人们经常令我失望
2. 权力对我有很强的吸引力
3. 人们能从我身上学到很多东西
4. 在审美方面我有不错的品位
5. 我喜欢注视自己身体的某个部分
6. 每个人都喜欢听我的故事
7. 在公共场合如果人们没有注意到我，我会感到索然无味
8. 我相信自己会成为一个了不起的人
9. 我很想成为一个领导
10. 我认为自己是一个特殊人物，所以应该得到很多
11. 我常常觉得有些事情真是太糟了，我根本不想提及
12. 虽然我并未刻意去引起他人的注意，但仍然常会成为他人关注的中心
13. 周围的人和事常常让我感到很不满意
14. 我喜欢担任决策者这个角色
15. 除非我得到一切我应得的，否则我都不会感到满足
16. 我喜欢成为他人关注的焦点
17. 我喜欢注视镜子里的自己
18. 我常常感到周围的一切似乎都不是真实的
19. 我认为自己会成为一个好领导
20. 我期望从别人那里获得很多
21. 我知道我是优秀的，因为每个人都这么说
22. 我羡慕别人的好运
23. 我常会觉得某人拥有的东西并不是他应得之物
24. 我拥有影响他人的天赋
25. 我觉得要找到一个懂得欣赏我的人很不容易
26. 我常常都感到自己很没用
27. 我天生具有领导之才
28. 我能很容易的让人相信我所说的任何事

Items in English

1. People often disappoint me.
2. I am strongly attracted to power.
3. People can learn a lot from me.
4. I have good taste in aesthetics.
5. I like to gaze at a certain part of my body.
6. Everyone enjoys hearing my stories.
7. I feel bored if people do not pay attention to me in public.
8. I believe I will become an extraordinary person.
9. I desire to be a leader.
10. I consider myself a special person and therefore deserve a lot.
11. I often feel that some things are so terrible that I don’t even want to mention them.
12. Although I do not deliberately try to draw attention, I often become the center of attention.
13. The people and things around me often make me feel dissatisfied.
14. I enjoy taking on the role of decision-maker.
15. I will not feel satisfied unless I receive everything I deserve.
16. I like being the focus of others’ attention.
17. I enjoy looking at myself in the mirror.
18. I often feel that everything around me seems not real.
19. I believe I will become a good leader.
20. I expect to receive a lot from others.
21. I know I am excellent because everyone says so.
22. I envy the good fortune of others.
23. I often feel that someone has things they do not deserve.
24. I possess the talent to influence others.
25. I find it challenging to find someone who appreciates me.
26. I often feel worthless.
27. I naturally have leadership abilities.
28. I can easily convince people of anything I say.

References

张珊.(2020).成人的自恋和亲密关系满意度的研究————内隐和外显自我扩张的作用(硕士学位论文).四川师范大学.
郑涌, 黄藜. 显性自恋与隐性自恋:自恋人格的心理学探析[J]. 心理科学, 2005, 28(5):1259-1262.