Scale of Attitude to Homosexuality in College Students – Chinese Version

Description

The phenomenon of homosexuality has been recorded since ancient times, including in ancient Egypt, and in China, there are related descriptions such as “断袖而起” (duàn xiù ér qǐ), “分桃而食” (fēn táo ér shí), and “南风” (nán fēng). Homosexuality exists across different countries and historical periods. As a unique cultural phenomenon, attitudes towards homosexuality have varied greatly throughout history. For a long time, homosexuality was defined as a pathological condition by mental health organizations, deemed criminal by societal laws, and prohibited by religious doctrines. Since the first case of HIV/AIDS was reported in mainland China in 1985, and under the dual impetus of awakening human rights awareness and HIV prevention, the Chinese government began to recognize homosexuals, thus allowing homosexuality to formally enter the official discourse. In the 1980s and 1990s, views on homosexuality in China were still focused on pathological perspectives, with scholars widely considering homosexuality to be a mental illness, sexual deviation, or sexual psychological disorder. As times progressed and influenced by mass media, public attitudes toward homosexuality began to shift. In 1992, the World Health Organization removed homosexuality from its list of psychological disorders; the “Chinese Classification and Diagnostic Criteria for Mental Disorders” (CCMD-3), published in 2001, redefined the criteria for mental illness, stating that homosexuality is not a mental disorder. Consequently, homosexuality in China is no longer classified as pathological. Currently, the term “homosexuality” is becoming familiar and gaining attention from a growing number of people, but it is still often associated with stigmatizing terms such as pathological, abnormal, and dirty. Due to its contradiction to traditional Confucian culture, the domestic attitude towards homosexuality remains rather negative. As an increasingly recognized subgroup compared to heterosexuals (the in-group), they naturally become the corresponding out-group. Therefore, the out-group of homosexuality is excluded from mainstream culture, and even subjected to various forms of attacks such as insults and slurs (Yǔ Yǒng, 2010). Subsequent research has shown that homosexuality is becoming more accepted in society, with a significant increase in the number of individuals self-identifying as homosexuals in surveys (Táng Rìxīn, Féng Yíng, 2018).

Authors and Contact Email

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Purpose

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Test Year

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Administration Method and Scoring

According to the standard procedure for revising psychometric scales, Qí Jīnlíng revised the university student attitude scale toward homosexuality compiled by Xú Yuánzhèng and Chén Yuánzhì for the cultural context of university students in mainland China. The internal consistency reliability coefficient ranges from 0.762 to 0.871, indicating high structural validity. The scale requires respondents to choose one of six options for each question, ranging from “非常不符合” (1 = very disagree) to “非常符合” (6 = very agree).

Reliability and Validity

The internal consistency reliability coefficient ranges from 0.762 to 0.871, indicating high structural validity.

Factors and Subscales

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Keywords

Homosexuality, Attitudes, College Students, Psychometric Scale

Items in Chinese

1. 社会应该打击公开的同性恋行为。
2. 同性恋有损社会道德和风气，破坏社会文明。
3. 同性恋是人类中一种自然的性表现。
4. 我不反感看有关同性恋的小说和影像。
5. 同性恋伴侣应该像异性恋伴侣一样有抚养孩子的权利。
6. 我一想到同性恋，就会觉得他们很肮脏。
7. 我总是感觉自己是个同性恋者。
8. 我觉得同性恋者都很变态。
9. 我愿意与同性恋者作普通朋友。
10. 看到同性恋者亲昵的动作，我会觉得比看到异性恋者亲昵的动作更为恶心。
11. 我若有机会跟同性恋者相处，我会跟与一般人相处一样。
12. 我认为同性恋者是心理不健康的人。
13. 我认为政府应该开放同性恋者结婚合法的法律。
14. 我会帮同性恋者说话，希望那些不接纳同性恋者的人能够转为接纳他们。
15. 若我的同性恋朋友约我出去逛逛，我会欣然同意。
16. 您认为您对同性恋的整体态度。

Items in English

1. Society should crack down on open homosexual behavior.
2. Homosexuality harms social morals and customs, destroying social civilization.
3. Homosexuality is a natural sexual expression in humans.
4. I do not mind reading novels and watching films related to homosexuality.
5. Homosexual partners should have the right to raise children just like heterosexual partners.
6. Whenever I think of homosexuality, I feel that they are very dirty.
7. I always feel that I am a homosexual.
8. I think homosexuals are all perverted.
9. I am willing to be an ordinary friend with homosexuals.
10. I find the affectionate actions of homosexuals more disgusting than those of heterosexuals.
11. If I have the opportunity to interact with homosexuals, I would treat them like I would anyone else.
12. I believe that homosexuals are mentally unhealthy people.
13. I think the government should legalize marriage for homosexuals.
14. I would speak up for homosexuals, hoping that those who do not accept homosexuals can come to accept them.
15. If my homosexual friend invites me to go out, I would gladly agree.
16. What do you think is your overall attitude towards homosexuality?

References

齐金玲. 医学院校大学生对同性恋的外显态度和内隐态度比较研究[D].云南师范大学,2011.
冯莹. 性别威胁对大学生同性恋态度的影响：异性恋声明的作用[D].江西师范大学,2019.
DOI:10.27178/d.cnki.gjxsu.2019.000343.