COVID-19 Practical and Psychosocial Experiences Self-report Questionnaire

Abstract

The COVID-19 Practical and Psychosocial Experiences (COVID-PPE) Self-report Questionnaire (Saez‑Clarke et al., 2023) is a comprehensive self-report measure designed to capture both the positive and negative psychosocial impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer survivors. This questionnaire initially comprised 43 items, provisionally categorized into seven subscales based on face validity, aiming to assess the hypothesized effects of COVID-19 on individuals undergoing primary or surveillance care for an adult cancer diagnosis. Data were collected from cancer survivors across the United States, divided into three samples: Calibration Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Validation Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), and Post-hoc CFA. Through these analyses, 37-item and 43-item versions of the COVID-PPE emerged. The questionnaire features a “Risk Factors (RF)” component with five lower-order subscales and a higher-order RF factor, and a “Protective Factors (PF)” component with four lower-order subscales and a higher-order PF factor. Internal consistency results for the subscales were reported.

Keywords

Anxiety Symptoms; Cancer Survivors; COVID-19; Depression Symptoms; Disruptions to Daily Activities and Social Interactions; Face Validity; Financial Hardship; Health Care Disruptions; Pandemic; Perceived Benefits; Perceived Stress Management Skills; Protective Factors; Provider Satisfaction; Psychosocial Experiences; Quality of Life; Risk Factors; Social Support.

Authors

Saez‑Clarke, Estefany; Otto, Amy K.; Prinsloo, Sarah; Natori, Akina; Wagner, Richard W.; Gomez, Telma I.; Ochoa, Jewel M.; Tworoger, Shelley S.; Ulrich, Cornelia M.; Hathaway, Cassandra A.; Peoples, Anita R.; Antoni, Michael H.; Bower, Julienne E.; Cohen, Lorenzo; Penedo, Frank J.

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Purpose

The COVID-PPE Questionnaire was developed to capture both protective and risk factors hypothesized to estimate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer survivors, encompassing psychological distress, healthcare disruptions, perceived benefits of the pandemic, and social support.

Validity

No data is Available.

Reliability

Internal Consistency: Internal consistency was acceptable for seven subscales (αs = 0.726–0.895; ωs = 0.802–0.895). However, it was found to be poor or questionable for the remaining two subscales (αs = 0.599–0.681; ωs = 0.586–0.692).

Factor Analysis

Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA): For the Risk Factors (RF) component, RF-EFA Model 3 demonstrated a Root Mean Square Residual (RMSR) of 0.02 and a Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) of 2345.94. Inter-factor correlations for this model ranged from 0.35 to 0.71. This model exhibited the strongest communalities and the best model fit indices, including the lowest RMSR and BIC values, and was most consistent with the hypothesized subscales. For the Protective Factors (PF) component, the four-factor model (PF-EFA Model 3) was the preferred solution, accounting for 60.0% of the variance.

Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA): For the Protective Factors (PF) component, the model demonstrated good fit: χ²(82) = 1790.186, p < 0.001, Comparative Fit Index (CFI) = 0.57, Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) = 0.945, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) = 0.064 (90%CI 0.061–0.066), Standardized Root Mean Square Residual (SRMR) = 0.044, with 83 free parameters.

Instrument

• Test Type: Original Inventory/Questionnaire

• Format: Items are rated on a 5-point Likert-type scale (0 = Strongly Disagree, 4 = Strongly Agree). The administration method is electronic.

• Language Available: English

• Population Group: Human (Male, Female)

• Age Group: Adulthood (18 years & older)

• Population Details: Respondents are cancer survivors located in the United States.

• Test Methodology: Test Validity; Test Reliability; Internal Consistency; Factor Analysis; Confirmatory Factor Analysis; Exploratory Factor Analysis.

• Number of Items: There are 37-item and 43-item versions of the questionnaire.

• Factors and Subscales:

  • Risk Factors (RF):

    • Anxiety Symptoms

    • Depression Symptoms

    • Health Care Disruptions

    • Disruptions to Daily Activities and Social Interactions

    • Financial Hardship

  • Protective Factors (PF):

    • Perceived Benefits

    • Provider Satisfaction

    • Perceived Stress Management Skills

    • Social Support

Authors Including Author ORCID Identifier and Affiliation Email Addresses Correspondence Address

• Saez‑Clarke, Estefany

  • Affiliation: Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Miami

  • Email: [email protected]

• Otto, Amy K.

  • Affiliation: Department of Public Health Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami

  • Email: [email protected]

• Prinsloo, Sarah

  • ORCID Identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3078-4558

  • Affiliation: Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation and Integrative Medicine, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center

  • Email: [email protected]

• Natori, Akina

  • ORCID Identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1146-4746

  • Affiliation: Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami

  • Email: [email protected]

• Wagner, Richard W.

  • ORCID Identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5957-1743

  • Affiliation: Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation and Integrative Medicine, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center

  • Email: [email protected]

• Gomez, Telma I.

  • Affiliation: Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation and Integrative Medicine, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center

  • Email: [email protected]

• Ochoa, Jewel M.

  • Affiliation: Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation and Integrative Medicine, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center

  • Email: [email protected]

• Tworoger, Shelley S.

  • ORCID Identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6986-7046

  • Affiliation: Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute

  • Email: [email protected]

• Ulrich, Cornelia M.

  • Affiliation: Department of Population Health Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah

  • Email: [email protected]

• Hathaway, Cassandra A.

  • ORCID Identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2919-0499

  • Affiliation: Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute

  • Email: [email protected]

• Peoples, Anita R.

  • Affiliation: Department of Population Health Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah

  • Email: [email protected]

• Antoni, Michael H.

  • Affiliation: Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Miami

  • Email: [email protected]

• Bower, Julienne E.

  • Affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles

  • Email: [email protected]

• Cohen, Lorenzo

  • Affiliation: Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation and Integrative Medicine, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center

  • Email: [email protected]

  • Correspondence Address: University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation and Integrative Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States.

• Penedo, Frank J.

  • Affiliation: Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Miami

  • Email: [email protected]

Permissions & Fee and Test Year

• Permissions: Contact Corresponding Author.

• Commercial: No

• Fee: No

• Test Year: 2023

References

Saez-Clarke, E., Otto, A. K., Prinsloo, S., Natori, A., Wagner, R. W., Gomez, T. I., Ochoa, J. M., Tworoger, S. S., Ulrich, C. M., Hathaway, C. A., Peoples, A. R., Antoni, M. H., Bower, J. E., Cohen, L., & Penedo, F. J. (2023). Development and initial psychometric evaluation of a COVID-related psychosocial experiences questionnaire for cancer survivors. Quality of Life Research: An International Journal of Quality of Life Aspects of Treatment, Care & Rehabilitation, 32(12), 3475–3494. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-023-03456-4

Items of the COVID-19 Practical and Psychosocial Experiences (COVID-PPE) Self-report Questionnaire

No data is Available.