Simplified Personality Inventory – Chinese Version

Description

Personality measurement is widely applied in people’s daily lives and empirical research. In everyday life, personality measurement is utilized in various fields, from human resource departments for personnel selection to healthcare institutions for clinical diagnostics, showcasing the practical application of “personality traits.” In empirical research, personality factors are significantly correlated with individual development aspects such as health, marriage, and career development. Some scholars even suggest that personality traits have an impact on individuals comparable to socioeconomic status and cognitive ability.

Authors and Contact Email

吴琼, 谷丽萍

Purpose

The purpose of the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) is to track and collect data at the individual, family, and community levels, reflecting changes in Chinese society from economic, demographic, educational, and health perspectives, providing a data foundation for academic research and public policy analysis.

Test Year

2018

Administration Method and Scoring

In the CFPS 2018 dataset, a total of 29,718 respondents provided personality measurement data, with ages ranging from 16 to 96, and an average age of 46.47 years. The sample consists of an equal number of males and females, with 51% residing in urban areas. The average education level of all samples is 7.74 years. Due to prior research indicating that mixing positive and negative items may reduce the internal consistency of the scale, researchers Wu Qiong and Gu Liping compared the evidence strength under two different item selection modes: one retaining all 15 items and another removing 4 reverse-scored items. Additionally, the original items were re-coded for some personality scales, changing “completely agree” to 1, while other options were scored as 0. In total, there are four different scoring methods:

1. Based on the original 15 items and 1-5 scoring of original options.
2. Based on the 11 positive items and 1-5 scoring of original options.
3. Based on 15 items and re-coded methods.
4. Based on 11 items and re-coded methods.

Reliability and Validity

Information not available.

Factors and Subscales

1. 神经质/情绪稳定性 (neuroticism/emotional stability): Neuroticism assesses emotional regulation and instability. Individuals scoring high in this dimension tend to experience psychological stress, unrealistic thoughts, excessive demands, impulsiveness, and maladaptive coping responses. High scores on this measure often correlate with individuals who possess clinical syndromes (Costa & Widiger, 1994). This dimension includes six sub-dimensions: 焦虑 (anxiety), 生气敌意 (anger hostility), 沮丧 (depression), 自我意识 (self-consciousness), 冲动性 (impulsiveness), 脆弱性 (vulnerability).

2. 外向性 (extraversion): Costa & McCrae (1985) defined extraversion in terms of interpersonal interactions and the need for stimulation and the ability to experience pleasure. This dimension contrasts social, active individuals with quiet, reserved, and serious individuals. It can be measured by two qualities: the level of interpersonal engagement and energy level. The former assesses how much individuals enjoy the company of others, while the latter reflects an individual’s rhythm and vitality. This dimension encompasses six sub-dimensions: 热情 (warmth), 乐群性 (gregariousness), 独断性 (assertiveness), 忙碌 (activity), 寻求刺激 (excitement seeking), 积极情绪 (positive emotions).

3. 经验开放性 (openness to experience): Openness to experience evaluates the active seeking and appreciation of experience and tolerance for unfamiliar situations. This dimension contrasts curious, novel, non-traditional, and creative individuals with traditional, uninterested, and unanalytical individuals. This dimension is the most debated within the Big Five factors, with minimal development and exploration, and the least amount of description in language. Six sub-dimensions include: 想象力 (fantasy), 审美 (aesthetics), 感受丰富 (feelings), 尝新 (actions), 思辨 (ideas), 价值观 (values).

4. 宜人性 (agreeableness): Agreeableness assesses individuals’ attitudes toward others, including being friendly, empathetic, trusting, generous, and lenient, as well as being hostile, cynical, domineering, vengeful, and ruthless. This dimension comprises six sub-dimensions: 信赖 (trust), 直率 (straightforwardness), 利他 (altruism), 顺从 (compliance), 谦逊 (modest), 慈善 (tender-mindedness).

5. 责任意识 (conscientiousness): Conscientiousness measures an individual’s organization, persistence, and motivation in goal-directed behavior. This sub-dimension contrasts reliable, detail-oriented individuals with lazy and careless individuals. It reflects the degree of self-control and the ability to delay gratification. This dimension includes six sub-dimensions: 胜任力 (competence), 条理性 (order), 尽责 (dutifulness), 追求成就 (achievement striving), 自律 (self-discipline), 深思熟虑 (deliberation).

Keywords

Personality measurement, CFPS, Big Five Personality Traits, empirical research.

Items in Chinese

– QM201 做事严谨认真 尽责性
– QM202 爱说话 外向性
– QM203 有时对别人粗鲁、不客气 亲和性
– QM204 具有独创性，会产生新点子 开放性
– QM205 经常会担心 情绪不稳定性
– QM206 天性比较宽容 亲和性
– QM207 往往很懒惰 尽责性
– QM208 开朗、善社交 外向性
– QM209 重视艺术和审美的体验 开放性
– QM210 容易紧张 情绪不稳定性
– QM211 做事有效率 尽责性
– QM212 含蓄、保守 外向性
– QM213 为他人着想、对几乎每一个人都和蔼 亲和性
– QM214 想象力丰富 开放性
– QM215 是放松的，能很好地应付压力 情绪不稳定性

Items in English

– QM201 Diligent and responsible (Conscientiousness)
– QM202 Talkative (Extraversion)
– QM203 Sometimes rude or impolite to others (Agreeableness)
– QM204 Creative and capable of generating new ideas (Openness)
– QM205 Often worried (Emotional Instability)
– QM206 Naturally tolerant (Agreeableness)
– QM207 Often lazy (Conscientiousness)
– QM208 Cheerful and sociable (Extraversion)
– QM209 Values artistic and aesthetic experiences (Openness)
– QM210 Easily nervous (Emotional Instability)
– QM211 Efficient in doing tasks (Conscientiousness)
– QM212 Reserved and conservative (Extraversion)
– QM213 Thoughtful of others and kind to almost everyone (Agreeableness)
– QM214 Rich imagination (Openness)
– QM215 Relaxed and able to handle stress well (Emotional Instability)

References

吴琼,谷丽萍.简版人格量表在中国大型综合调查中的应用[J].调研世界,2020(05):53-58.DOI:10.13778/j.cnki.11-3705/c.2020.05.009.
孟慧. 企业管理者大五人格特质、特质目标定向和变革型领导[D].华东师范大学,2003.