Children’s Depression Inventory – Chinese Version

Description

Depression is a common mental illness that can affect both people’s mental and physical health. Symptoms typically include feelings of sadness, loss of interest, and suicidal thoughts. Unlike adult depression, research indicates that symptoms of depression in adolescents are more likely to manifest as difficulty concentrating, irritability, self-harm, and disruptions in vegetative functions, including changes in weight, appetite, and sleep. A report from China in 2019 showed that the detection rate of depressive symptoms in adolescents is rapidly rising, reaching as high as 24.3%. Moreover, numerous studies have reviewed the onset age of adult depression, revealing that the first onset of depression often occurs during childhood and adolescence.

Authors and Contact Email

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Purpose

The Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI) is used to assess the level of depression in children and adolescents aged 7-17. Participants are asked to choose the option that best describes their feelings over the past two weeks.

Test Year

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Administration Method and Scoring

The CDI consists of 27 items divided into five dimensions:
– 快感缺乏 (Anhedonia)
– 负性情绪 (Negative Mood)
– 低自尊 (Negative Self-Esteem)
– 低效感 (Ineffectiveness)
– 人际问题 (Interpersonal Problem)

Responses are scored from 0 to 2, representing “Occasionally,” “Often,” and “Always,” reflecting the frequency of occurrence, with a total score of 54.

Reliability and Validity

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Factors and Subscales

– 快感缺乏 (Anhedonia)
– 负性情绪 (Negative Mood)
– 低自尊 (Negative Self-Esteem)
– 低效感 (Ineffectiveness)
– 人际问题 (Interpersonal Problem)

Keywords

Depression, Adolescents, Children’s Depression Inventory, Mental Health, Psychological Assessment

Items in Chinese

1. □我偶尔感到悲伤 □我经常感到悲伤 □我总是感到悲伤
2. □我的将来不会有什么好的事情发生 □我不能肯定我的将来会有什么好事情发生 □我的将来会有好的事情发生
3. □绝大多数事情我都做得不错 □许多事情我都做错了 □我做的每一件事情都是错的
4. □我的生活中有许多让我开心的事情 □我的生活中有一些让我开心的事情 □没有什么事情是让我开心的
5. □我总是做不好事情 □我许多时候都做不好事情 □我偶尔做不好事情
6. □我偶尔会想到不好的事情会发生在我身上 □我担心不好的事情将发生在我身上 □我确信有可怕的事情将发生在我身上
7. □我恨我自己 □我不喜欢我自己 □我喜欢自己
8. □所有的坏事情都是我的错 □许多坏事情是我的错 □坏事情的发生通常不是我的错
9. □我从没有想过自杀 □我有自杀的想法，但我不会去做 □我想自杀
10. □每天我都想哭 □许多时候我想哭 □偶尔我想哭
11. □总是有事情烦我 □许多时候有事情烦我 □偶尔有事情烦我
12. □我喜欢与别人在一起 □许多时候我不喜欢与别人在一起 □我总是不喜欢与别人在一起
13. □我不能做出决定 □我难以做出决定 □我很容易做出决定
14. □我长得不错 □我有些地方长得不好 □我长得丑陋
15. □我总是要逼自己去做我的功课 □许多时候我要逼自己去做我的功课 □对我来说，学校的功课不是大问题
16. □每天晚上我都睡不安 □许多晚上我都睡不好 □我的睡眠很好
17. □偶尔我感到疲乏 □许多时候我感到疲乏 □我总是感到疲乏
18. □大多数日子里我的食欲不好 □许多时候我的食欲不好 □我的食欲不错
19. □我不担心疼痛 □许多时候我担心疼痛 □我总是担心疼痛
20. □我不感到孤单 □许多时候我感到孤单 □我总是感到孤单
21. □学校里没有事情让我开心 □在学校里有时有事情让我感到开心 □在学校里许多时候我感到开心
22. □我有许多朋友 □我有一些朋友，但我希望有更多 □我没有任何朋友
23. □我的功课不错 □我的功课不如过去了 □我以前很好的科目现在却很不好
24. □我从来就不如别的小孩 □如果我想好的话，我就能像别的孩子一样好 □我同别的孩子一样好
25. □没有人真正爱我 □我不能确定是否有人爱我 □我确定有人爱我
26. □我常常做别人要我做的事 □大多数情况下，我不会做别人要我做的事 □我从不做别人要我做的事
27. □我能与人相处得不错 □许多时候我与人有冲突 □我总是与人冲突

Items in English

1. □ I occasionally feel sad □ I often feel sad □ I always feel sad
2. □ Nothing good will happen in my future □ I can’t be sure if anything good will happen in my future □ Good things will happen in my future
3. □ I do most things well □ I make many mistakes □ Everything I do is wrong
4. □ There are many things in my life that make me happy □ There are some things in my life that make me happy □ Nothing makes me happy
5. □ I always do things poorly □ I often do things poorly □ I occasionally do things poorly
6. □ I occasionally think that bad things will happen to me □ I worry that bad things will happen to me □ I am sure that terrible things will happen to me
7. □ I hate myself □ I don’t like myself □ I like myself
8. □ It’s my fault that all bad things happen □ Many bad things are my fault □ Bad things usually aren’t my fault
9. □ I have never thought about suicide □ I have thoughts of suicide, but I wouldn’t do it □ I want to commit suicide
10. □ I want to cry every day □ I want to cry many times □ I occasionally want to cry
11. □ There are always things bothering me □ Many times there are things bothering me □ Occasionally there are things bothering me
12. □ I like to be with others □ Most of the time, I don’t like being with others □ I always dislike being with others
13. □ I can’t make decisions □ I find it hard to make decisions □ I can make decisions easily
14. □ I look nice □ There are some things about my appearance that I don’t like □ I am ugly
15. □ I always have to force myself to do my homework □ I often have to force myself to do my homework □ Homework isn’t a big problem for me
16. □ I can’t sleep well every night □ I don’t sleep well many nights □ My sleep is good
17. □ I occasionally feel tired □ I often feel tired □ I always feel tired
18. □ My appetite is poor most days □ My appetite is poor many times □ My appetite is good
19. □ I don’t worry about pain □ I worry about pain many times □ I always worry about pain
20. □ I don’t feel lonely □ I often feel lonely □ I always feel lonely
21. □ There’s nothing that makes me happy at school □ Sometimes there are things at school that make me happy □ Many times I feel happy at school
22. □ I have many friends □ I have some friends, but I wish I had more □ I have no friends
23. □ I do well in my studies □ My studies are not as good as before □ I used to be good at subjects that are now bad
24. □ I am never as good as other kids □ I could do as well as other kids if I tried □ I am as good as other kids
25. □ No one really loves me □ I’m not sure if anyone loves me □ I know someone loves me
26. □ I often do things others ask me to do □ Most of the time I don’t do what others ask me to do □ I never do what others ask me to do
27. □ I get along well with others □ I often have conflicts with others □ I always have conflicts with others

References

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