n. in clinical study, refers to an experimental design which analyzes results before and after trials. A pre-test and then a post-test are administered to the participants of a clinical trial and the results of this experiment are evaluated. The design can either be uncontrolled, quasi-experimental, or fully-randomized. Also referred to as pre-post design.
BEFORE-AFTER DESIGN: “There are a number of statistical findings to be gained from the results of a before-after design in a clinical experiment.”