Revised Youth Self-Report Scale 2001 -Chinese Version

Description

Achenbach (1966) and several other scholars were the first to apply dichotomous methods, subsequently summarizing and classifying psychological behavior problems in adolescents. They conducted principal component analysis on 118 common problem behaviors, categorizing them into two main categories: internalizing problems, which refer to negative emotions experienced by the individual, such as withdrawal, anxiety, sadness, and depression; and externalizing problems, which involve violations of social behavior and moral standards, including misconduct and aggression. The timely summary of the characteristics of common problem behaviors among adolescents continues to hold significant research value today.

Authors and Contact Email

Achenbach, Edelbrock; McLeod, Rubin et al.; Xu Fuzhen et al.; Wang Runcheng et al.
Contact email: information not available

Purpose

The purpose of this research is to summarize and classify the prevalent psychological behavior problems in adolescents through the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and its associated scales, helping to identify and address internalizing and externalizing problems.

Test Year

The CBCL was developed in 1976 and has undergone multiple revisions in 1983, 1991, and 2001.

Administration Method and Scoring

The Revised Chinese Version of the Youth Self-Report Scale (YSR-2001-CV) comprises 119 items divided into 8 factors: anxiety/depression (焦虑/抑郁), withdrawal/depression (退缩/抑郁), somatic complaints (躯体不适), social problems (社交问题), thought problems (思维问题), attention problems (注意问题), rule-breaking behavior (违纪行为), and aggressive behavior (攻击行为), along with an “other problems” category. The scale employs a 3-point Likert scoring method (0 = no such behavior, 1 = mild or sometimes, 2 = marked or often). The total score increases with the number of problem behaviors identified.

Reliability and Validity

The internal consistency of the overall scale is indicated by a Cronbach’s α coefficient of 0.940.

Factors and Subscales

In the 8 problem factors, anxiety/depression, withdrawal/depression, and somatic complaints constitute the internalizing problem dimension, while rule-breaking behavior and aggressive behavior form the externalizing problem dimension. Social problems, thought problems, and attention problems do not fall under either internalizing or externalizing behaviors.

Keywords

Psychological behavior problems, internalizing problems, externalizing problems, Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist, Youth Self-Report Scale

Items in Chinese

1. 我行为幼稚和实际年龄不相符。
2. 未经父母准许，我偷偷饮酒。
3. 我总争论。
4. 我不能够自始至终完成一件事。
5. 没有任何事情能够让我感到快乐。
6. 我精神力不够集中，注意力业难以维系较久。
7. 我总想到部分难以摆脱的事情。
8. 我坐立不安。
9. 我过分依赖于长辈。
10. 我时常感受到孤独。
11. 我感受到迷惑。
12. 我总哭泣。
13. 我对待他人刻薄。
14. 我常常喜欢做白日梦。
15. 我总故意伤害自我。
16. 我需他人对自己保持关注。
17. 我毁损自己持有的东西。
18. 我毁损他人持有的东西。
19. 我不遵从父母的话。
20. 我在校园中不听话。
21. 我与其他同龄人相处不来。
22. 当自己作出不良行为以后，我并不会出现内疚情绪。
23. 我妒忌他人。
24. 我在家里、校园或者其他地方存在违规行为。
25. 我畏惧部分动物或者场所地方（学校未包含在内）。
26. 我抵抗上学。
27. 我担忧自己会做坏事。
28. 我认为自己务必十全十美。
29. 我认为无人喜爱自己。
30. 我认为别人故意捉弄自己。
31. 我认为自己不具备价值或者存在自卑情绪。
32. 我身体总会受到伤害。
33. 我总打架。
34. 我总遭遇他人嘲笑。
35. 我喜欢和惹麻烦的孩子在一起。
36. 我会听到部分他人认为未出现的声音。
37. 我做事过于冲动。
38. 我喜爱孤寂。
39. 我撒谎或者欺骗。
40. 我神经过于敏感，较易出现紧张情绪或者激动情绪。
41. 我肢体紧张或者较易出现抽搐。
42. 我做噩梦。
43. 我不被他人喜爱。
44. 我过于担忧。
45. 我感受到头昏。
46. 我过于内疚。
47. 我感受到过分疲惫
48. 我有找不出原因的躯症状：a.疼痛(除头痛、胃痛外）b.头痛c.恶心想吐d.眼睛存在问题e.发疹或者其他皮肤病f.胃痛g.呕吐
49. 我对他人身体作出攻击行为。
50. 我破坏皮肤或者其余身体部位。
51. 我的学习成绩不好。
52. 我动作缺乏协调性。
53. 我喜欢与年龄相对较大的孩子呆在一起。
54. 我喜欢与年龄相对较小的孩子呆在一起。
55. 我拒绝与他人沟通。
56. 我持续重复部分动作。
57. 我离家出走。
58. 我总发出尖叫。
59. 我守口如瓶，有事不说。
60. 我会看到部分实际上根本不存在的东西。
61. 我易发窘或者感到不舒适。
62. 我纵火（烧房屋等具有破坏性特征的行为）。
63. 我很害羞。
64. 我比大多数孩子睡得少。
65. 我注意力涣散。
66. 我存在着语言问题(例如说话不利索等)。
67. 我会在家里拿走不属于自己的东西。
68. 我会在外面拿走不属于自己的东西。
69. 我会收藏自己用不到的东西(收集邮票等爱好不包含在内)。
70. 我做的部分事情在他人眼里很奇怪。
71. 我存在奇怪想法。
72. 我情绪极其固执。
73. 我情绪会骤变。
74. 我会出现多疑情绪。
75. 我谩骂他人或者说脏话。
76. 我想过自残。
77. 我总戏弄别人。
78. 我易怒易躁。
79. 我对于“性”方面会想过多。
80. 我恐吓他人。
81. 我会吸烟。
82. 我睡眠质量较差。
83. 我逃学或者旷课。
84. 我精力较弱。
85. 我不开心，悲痛或者抑郁。
86. 我比他人更加喜更吵闹。
87. 我饮酒。
88. 我努力规避与他人深交。
89. 我过于忧虑。

Items in English

1. My behavior is childish and not in line with my actual age.
2. I sneak alcohol without my parents’ permission.
3. I argue a lot.
4. I cannot finish a task from beginning to end.
5. Nothing makes me feel happy.
6. I lack mental focus, and I have difficulties maintaining attention for long.
7. I often think about things I can’t get rid of.
8. I feel restless.
9. I am overly dependent on adults.
10. I often feel lonely.
11. I feel confused.
12. I cry a lot.
13. I am mean to others.
14. I often like to daydream.
15. I intentionally hurt myself.
16. I need others to pay attention to me.
17. I damage my possessions.
18. I damage others’ possessions.
19. I do not obey my parents.
20. I misbehave at school.
21. I do not get along with my peers.
22. After engaging in bad behavior, I do not feel guilty.
23. I am jealous of others.
24. I engage in rule-breaking behaviors at home, school, or elsewhere.
25. I fear certain animals or places (excluding school).
26. I resist going to school.
27. I worry that I might do something bad.
28. I believe I must be perfect.
29. I believe that no one loves me.
30. I think others are purposely making fun of me.
31. I feel worthless or have low self-esteem.
32. My body often gets hurt.
33. I fight a lot.
34. I often get laughed at by others.
35. I like to be with troublesome kids.
36. I hear others talking about things that do not exist.
37. I act impulsively.
38. I enjoy solitude.
39. I lie or deceive.
40. I am overly sensitive and easily feel anxious or excited.
41. My body is tense or I get spasms easily.
42. I have nightmares.
43. I am not liked by others.
44. I worry too much.
45. I feel dizzy.
46. I feel overly guilty.
47. I feel excessively tired.
48. I have unexplained physical symptoms: a. pain (excluding headaches, stomach ache) b. headache c. nausea d. eye issues e. rashes or other skin conditions f. stomach ache g. vomiting
49. I exhibit aggressive behaviors towards others’ bodies.
50. I hurt my skin or other parts of my body.
51. My academic performance is poor.
52. My movements lack coordination.
53. I like to be with older children.
54. I like to be with younger children.
55. I refuse to communicate with others.
56. I keep repeating certain actions.
57. I run away from home.
58. I often scream.
59. I keep things to myself and don’t talk about them.
60. I see things that do not actually exist.
61. I feel awkward or uncomfortable.
62. I set fires (destructive behaviors like burning buildings).
63. I am very shy.
64. I sleep less than most kids.
65. My attention is scattered.
66. I have language problems (e.g., speaking unclearly).
67. I take things at home that do not belong to me.
68. I take things outside that do not belong to me.
69. I collect things that I do not need (excluding hobbies such as collecting stamps).
70. Some things I do seem strange to others.
71. I have strange thoughts.
72. I am extremely stubborn about my emotions.
73. My emotions can change suddenly.
74. I tend to be suspicious.
75. I curse or use foul language against others.
76. I have thought about self-harm.
77. I tease others a lot.
78. I get easily angry or irritated.
79. I think too much about “sexual” matters.
80. I intimidate others.
81. I smoke.
82. I have poor sleep quality.
83. I skip school or miss classes.
84. I feel low in energy.
85. I am unhappy, sad, or depressed.
86. I am noisier than others.
87. I drink alcohol.
88. I try to avoid forming deep connections with others.
89. I worry excessively.

References

Achenbach, 1966; McLeod et al., 2007; Yap et al., 2015; Xu Fuzhen et al., 2015; Wang Runcheng et al., 2013.