Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire – Chinese Version

Description

Every year, approximately 1 million people worldwide complete suicide, while those who attempt suicide or engage in severe self-harming behavior are ten times more than those who complete suicide. Domestic surveys indicate that the suicide rate in China is about 23 people per 100,000 per year. In modern society, suicide has become the 8th leading cause of death. Suicide and severe self-harming behaviors not only have the potential to end individual lives but also can have severe negative impacts on those around them. Joiner and others have conducted extensive research on the mechanisms of suicide, proposing the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide. This theory suggests that suicidal behavior occurs only when an individual possesses both the desire for suicide and the capability to carry it out. The prediction of whether an individual develops suicidal desires depends on whether their need for belonging is satisfied (thwarted belongingness) and whether they perceive themselves to be a burden (perceived burdensomeness). These factors reflect the individual’s connection needs with others and society. Building on this, Van Orden further validated and expanded the theory by combining thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness into the interpersonal needs construct and developed the Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire (INQ), which reflects the extent to which an individual’s interpersonal needs are met and serves as an important antecedent variable for issues related to suicide. When individuals’ needs for belonging and their ability to provide benefits to close others are compromised, they may experience a lack of social connection with others and feelings of distress, which could lead to suicidal behavior. Van Orden also indicated that the degree to which an individual’s interpersonal needs are met can serve as a predictive indicator for other risky behaviors, such as self-harming behaviors, and is not limited to suicide issues. Numerous researchers have conducted multi-group verification of the INQ across different age groups (youth, middle-aged, and elderly populations) and clinical and non-clinical samples, verifying that the INQ can effectively assess suicidal expectations and significantly predict future suicidal behavior in individuals. They also found that the INQ is applicable across different population samples. Therefore, the INQ is often used to assess the likelihood of risk behaviors such as suicide, reflecting indicators for predicting interpersonal relationships and their risks, and has been applied across different populations and cultures.

Authors and Contact Email

Information not available.

Purpose

To explore and assess the interpersonal needs of individuals and their relationship with suicidal behavior and self-harming tendencies.

Test Year

The research was conducted from October to December 2017.

Administration Method and Scoring

A total of 500 questionnaires were distributed in selected universities in Harbin among four different majors. Riceed a return of 467 valid questionnaires, resulting in a response rate of 93.4%. Additional surveys were conducted in other universities, with similar methodologies and response rate metrics noted.

Reliability and Validity

Multiple confirmation studies across different demographic samples have established the reliability and validity of the INQ in measuring suicide expectations and predicting future suicide behaviors in various population samples.

Factors and Subscales

– 归属感受挫 (Thwarted Belongingness)
– 自我累赘感 (Perceived Burdensomeness)

Keywords

Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire, Suicide, Self-harm, Thwarted Belongingness, Perceived Burdensomeness, Social Anxiety, Self-focused Attention.

Items in Chinese

1. 我觉得如果我消失了，我身边的人会过得更好
2. 我感到自己有所归属
3. 我很少与关心我的人接触
4. 我觉得如果没有我，我身边的人会更快乐
5. 我觉得自己是社会的负担
6. 我很幸运有许多关心和支持我的朋友
7. 我感到与他人失去联系
8. 我认为我的死对身边的人会是一种解脱
9. 我觉得我身边的人希望能够摆脱我
10. 我常感觉到自己是这个社会大家庭的局外人
11. 在我需要帮助的时候，有可以求助的人
12. 我与他人关系密切
13. 我认为，我使得我生活中的人们苦不堪言
14. 我觉得身边的人关心我
15. 我每天至少都有一次与他人满意的互动

Items in English

1. These days the people in my life would be better off if I were gone
2. These days the people in my life would be happier without me
3. These days I think I am a burden on society
4. These days I think my death would be a relief to the people in my life
5. These days I think the people in my life wish they could be rid of me
6. These days I think I make things worse for the people in my life
7. These days, other people care about me
8. These days, I feel like I belong
9. These days, I rarely interact with people who care about me
10. These days, I am fortunate to have many caring and supportive friends
11. These days, I feel disconnected from other people
12. These days, I often feel like an outsider in social gatherings
13. These days, I feel that there are people I can turn to in times of need
14. These days, I am close to other people
15. These days, I have at least one satisfying interaction every day

References

李晓敏,辛铁钢,袁靖,吕丽霞,陶佳雨,刘勇.人际需求问卷中文版测评大学生样本的效度与信度[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2015,23(04):590-593.
李昳,陆桂芝,金童林,马雪玉,蒋怀滨.大学生社交焦虑与自我关注和人际需求的关系[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2018,32(03):259-264.
金童林,陆桂芝,张璐,闫萌智,刘艳丽.人际需求对大学生网络偏差行为的影响:社交焦虑的中介作用[J].中国特殊教育,2016(09):84-89.
于鹏鹏.心理痛苦在心理扭力与大学生自杀行为风险关系中的中介作用[D].山东大学,2019.
李诚. 基于自杀人际理论的外显、内隐自杀意念及自我图式研究[D].中国人民解放军空军军医大学,2018.
Van Orden K A , Cukrowicz K C , Witte T K , et al. Thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness: construct validity and psychometric properties of the Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire.[J]. Psychological Assessment, 2011, 24(1):197-215.