Phonation not using the larynx where the supply of air comes from the upper portion of the oesophagus.
ESOPHAGEAL SPEECH: “Esophogeal speech originates in the upper portion of the oesophagus.”
Cite this article
mohammad looti (2025). ESOPHAGEAL SPEECH. PSYCHOLOGICAL SCALES. Retrieved from https://scales.arabpsychology.com/trm/esophageal-speech/
mohammad looti. "ESOPHAGEAL SPEECH." PSYCHOLOGICAL SCALES, 26 Oct. 2025, https://scales.arabpsychology.com/trm/esophageal-speech/.
mohammad looti. "ESOPHAGEAL SPEECH." PSYCHOLOGICAL SCALES, 2025. https://scales.arabpsychology.com/trm/esophageal-speech/.
mohammad looti (2025) 'ESOPHAGEAL SPEECH', PSYCHOLOGICAL SCALES. Available at: https://scales.arabpsychology.com/trm/esophageal-speech/.
[1] mohammad looti, "ESOPHAGEAL SPEECH," PSYCHOLOGICAL SCALES, vol. X, no. Y, ص Z-Z, October, 2025.
mohammad looti. ESOPHAGEAL SPEECH. PSYCHOLOGICAL SCALES. 2025;vol(issue):pages.