Table of Contents
One of the most common errors you may encounter when using Python is:
NameError: name 'np' is not defined
This error occurs when you import the python library , but fail to give it the alias of np when importing it.
The following examples illustrate how this problem occurs and how to fix it.
Example 1: import numpy
Suppose you import the NumPy library using the following code:
import numpy
If you then attempt to define a numpy array of values, you’ll get the following error:
#define numpy array
x = np.random.normal(loc=0, scale=1, size=20)
#attempt to print values in arrary
print(x)
Traceback (most recent call last):
----> 1 x = np.random.normal(loc=0, scale=1, size=20)
2 print(x)
NameError: name 'np' is not defined
To fix this error, you need provide the alias of np when importing NumPy:
import numpy as np #define numpy array x = np.random.normal(loc=0, scale=1, size=20) #print values in arrary print(x) [-0.93937656 -0.49448118 -0.16772964 0.44939978 -0.80577905 0.48042484 0.30175551 -0.15672656 -0.26931062 0.38226115 1.4472055 -0.13668984 -0.74752684 1.6729974 2.25824518 0.77424489 0.67853607 1.46739364 0.14647622 0.87787596]
Example 2: from numpy import *
Suppose you import all functions from the NumPy library using the following code:
from numpy import *
If you then attempt to define a numpy array of values, you’ll get the following error:
#define numpy array
x = np.random.normal(loc=0, scale=1, size=20)
#attempt to print values in arrary
print(x)
Traceback (most recent call last):
----> 1 x = np.random.normal(loc=0, scale=1, size=20)
2 print(x)
NameError: name 'np' is not defined
To fix this error, you need provide the alias of np when importing NumPy:
import numpy as np #define numpy array x = np.random.normal(loc=0, scale=1, size=20) #print values in arrary print(x) [-0.93937656 -0.49448118 -0.16772964 0.44939978 -0.80577905 0.48042484 0.30175551 -0.15672656 -0.26931062 0.38226115 1.4472055 -0.13668984 -0.74752684 1.6729974 2.25824518 0.77424489 0.67853607 1.46739364 0.14647622 0.87787596]
Alternatively, you can choose to not use the np syntax at all:
import numpy #define numpy array x = numpy.random.normal(loc=0, scale=1, size=20) #print values in arrary print(x) [-0.93937656 -0.49448118 -0.16772964 0.44939978 -0.80577905 0.48042484 0.30175551 -0.15672656 -0.26931062 0.38226115 1.4472055 -0.13668984 -0.74752684 1.6729974 2.25824518 0.77424489 0.67853607 1.46739364 0.14647622 0.87787596]
Note: The syntax “import numpy as np” is commonly used because it offers a more concise way to use NumPy functions. Instead of typing “numpy” each time, you can simply type in “np” which is quicker and easier to read.