Scale Overview
The Self-Reported Participant Role Scale – SPRS was developed by Tiziana Pozzoli, Gianluca Gini, Alessio Vieno (2012). It is designed to measure Bullying participant roles and victimization. The scale is intended for use with Children and adolescents.
Scale Structure
This instrument consists of 12 items organized into 4 factors/subscales: Bullying, Defending, Passive Bystanding, Victimization.
| Factor / Subscale |
Items |
N |
| Bullying |
1,2,3 |
3 |
| Defending |
4,5,6 |
3 |
| Passive Bystanding |
7,8,9 |
3 |
| Victimization |
10,11,12 |
3 |
Response Format
Respondents rate each item using a custom response format.
Response anchors: 1 = Never, 2 = Sometimes, 3 = Often, 4 = Almost Always.
Scoring
Items are scored by subscale, with each subscale sum representing a distinct dimension.
Total scores range from 1 to 4. Interpretation guidelines:
- Low frequency/involvement: 1 – 2
- Moderate frequency/involvement: 2 – 3
- High frequency/involvement: 3 – 4
Psychometric Properties
Internal Consistency: The scale has demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency with reported Cronbach’s alpha values of Bullying (CR = 0.76, alpha = 0.62), Defending (CR = 0.75, alpha = 0.81), Passive Bystanding (CR = 0.76, alpha = 0.67), Victimization (alpha = 0.67).
Administration
The scale is self-administered and typically takes approximately 5 minutes to complete. It can be administered individually or in group settings. No special training is required for administration.