Personal Value Scales (PVS)
Scott‚ 1965
Intellectualism
Direct-scored items
having a keen interest in international‚ national ‚ and local affairs. *
having a strong intellectual curiosity.*
Developing an appreciation of the fine arts--music‚ drama‚ literature‚ and ballet. *
having an active interest in all things scholarly.*
having cultural interests.
Striving to gain new knowledge about the world.
Enjoying books‚ music‚ art‚ philosophy‚ and sciences.
Keeping abreast of current events.
Knowing what’s going on in the world of politics.
Keeping up with world news through regular reading or by watching in formative programs.
Being an intellectual. +
Reverse-scored items
having restricted and narrow interests.
having no knowledge of current events.
Being interested only in one’s work.
having no opinions about the world situation.
Knowing only one’s specialty.
having little interest in arts‚ theater‚ music‚ and other cultural activities.
Being uninterested in national and world affairs .
Showing little interest in the finer things of life.
Ignoring what goes on in the world around one.
Reading only things that don’t pose any intellectual challenge.
Kindness
Direct-scored items
Being kind to people‚ even if they do things contrary to one’s beliefs.*
Helping another person feel more secure‚ even if one doesn’t like him.*
Helping another achieve his own goals‚ even if it might interfere with your own.*
Turning the other cheek‚ and forgiving others when they harm you. *
Being considerate of others’ feelings.
Finding ways to help others less fortunate than oneself.
Being utterly selfless in all one’s actions.
having a deep love of all people‚ whoever they are.
Going out of one’s way to help someone new feel at home.
Being concerned about the happiness of other people.
Reverse-scored items
Looking out for one’s own interests first.
Ridiculing other people.
Being selfish.
Ignoring the needs of other people.
Revenging wrongs that other people have done to one.
Being unable to empathize with other people.
Hurting other people’s feelings.
Making jokes at the expense of other people.
Letting each person go it alone‚ without offering help.
Refusing any aid to people who don’t deserve it.
Social Skills
Direct-scored items
Being well mannered and behaving properly in social situation s. *
Dressing and acting in a way that is appropriate to the occasion. *
Being able to get people to cooperate with one. *
Being poised‚ gracious‚ and charming under all circumstances *.
Always doing the right thing at the right time.
Being informed in proper etiquette.
Being able to plan social functions smoothly.
Being popular with everyone.
Always behaving properly in public.
Being concerned about what kind of impression one makes on others.
(Being able to get along with all kinds of people‚ whether or not they are worthwhile.) +
(Being the person i n the group who i s the most popular with the opposite sex.) +
Reverse-scored items
Being a social isolate.
Dressing sloppily.
Displaying unpleasant personal habits in public .
Interrupting others while they are talking.
Constantly making social blunders.
Talking constantly and attracting attention to oneself.
having bad manners.
Being discourteous.
Being unable to act in a way that will please others.
Being ignorant of the rules of proper behavior.
Loyalty
Direct-scored items
Defending the honor of one’s group whenever it is unfairly criticized .*
Working hard to improve the prestige and status of one’s groups.*
Helping organize group activities . *
Attending all meetings of one’s groups.
Upholding the honor of one’s group.
Supporting all activities of one’s organizations.
Doing more than one’s share of the group task.
Performing unpleasant tasks‚ if these are required by one’s group.
Remembering one’s group loyalties at all times.
Taking an active part in all group affairs.
(Treating an attack on one’s group like an attack on oneself.)
(Concealing from outsiders most of one’s dislike s and disagreements with fellow members of the group.)
(Doing all one can to build up the prestige of the group.)
Reverse-scored items
Betraying one’s group to outsiders.
Letting other people do all the work for the group‚ and not getting involved oneself.
Letting people get away with unfair criticism of one’s group.
Being unconcerned with what other people think about one’s group.
Being uncooperative.
Failing to support group functions.
Paying little attention to what the members of one’s group think.
Criticizing one’s own group in public.
Getting by with as little involvement in organizations as possible.
Not taking one’s group memberships seriously.
Academic Achievement (Grades)
Direct-scored items
Studying hard to get good grades in school. *
Working hard to achieve academic honors.*
Trying hard to understand difficult lectures and textbooks.
Striving to get the top grade-point average in the group. *
Studying constantly in order to become a well educated person.*
Being studious.
Getting the top grade on a test.
Treating one’s studies as the most important thing in college life .
Doing well in school.
Priding oneself on good grades.
Reverse-scored items
Being content with a “gentlemanly C” grade.
Making fun of academic grinds.
Being satisfied with poor grades.
Priding oneself on being able to get by in school with little work.
Not doing well in one’s coursework.
Not Letting studies interfere with one’s college life.
Doing one’s best to avoid working hard in a course.
Being proud of poor grades.
Paying no attention to lectures and textbooks that are difficult.
Taking snap courses that don’t require any work.
Physical Development
Direct-scored items
Being graceful and well coordinated in physical movements.*
Taking good care of one’s physical self‚ so that one is always healthy. *
Being good in some form of sport. *
Developing physical strength and agility.
Developing an attractive body that others will admire.
having a good figure or physique.
having good muscular coordination.
Being a well developed outdoors type who enjoys physical activity.
Keeping in good physical shape.
Exercising regularly.
Reverse-scored items
Being physically weak and puny.
Being an indoor type‚ and avoiding outdoor activities .
Being poorly proportioned physically.
Being uninterested in sports.
Being listless and uninterested in strenuous activity.
Being awkward in bearing and walk.
Being unable to do anything that requires physical effort.
Being unskilled in any form of athletics.
Ignoring one’s own physical condition.
Avoiding any form of exercise.
Status
Direct-scored items
Being respected by people who are themselves worthwhile. *
Gaining recognition for one’s achievements.*
Being in a position to direct and mold others’ lives.*
Making sure that one is respected.
Doing what one is told.
Being in a position to command respect from others.
having all the respect that one is entitled to.
Being dignified in bearing and manner.
Being looked up to by others.
Enjoying great prestige in the community.
(having the ability to lead others.)
(Showing great leadership qualities.)
Reverse-scored items
Acting beneath one’s dignity.
Not being able to do anything better than other people.
Not being recognized for one’s true worth.
Being in a subordinate position.
having little effect on other people’s actions.
Being unable to exert any influence on things around one.
Failing to develop contacts that could improve one’s position .
Being content with an inferior position all one’s life.
Associating with worthless people.
Not taking pride in one’s achievements.
Honesty
Direct-scored items
Never cheating or having anything to do with cheating situation s‚ even for a friend. *
Always telling the truth‚ even though it may hurt oneself or others.*
Never telling a lie‚ even though to do so would make the situation more comfortable.
Sticking up for the truth under all circumstances.
Always representing one’s own true thoughts and feelings honestly.
Speaking one’s mind truth fully‚ without regard for the consequences.
Testifying against friends‚ if need be‚ in order that the truth be known.
Presenting oneself completely and honestly‚ even if it is unnecessary to do so.
Going out of one’s way to bring dishonest people to justice.
Volunteering information concerning wrongdoing‚ even if friend s are involved.
Reverse-scored items
Helping a close friend get by a t i g h t situation ‚ even though one may have to stretch the truth a bit to do it.
Taking things that don’t belong to one.
Telling white lies.
Deceiving others.
Using others’ property without asking permission.
Telling falsehoods in order to help other people.
Helping a friend through an examination.
Using a false ID card to get in to restricted places.
Stealing when necessary.
Being dishonest in harmless ways.
Religiousness
Direct-scored items
Being devout in one’s religious faith.*
Always living one’s religion in his daily life.*
Always attending religious services regularly and faith fully. *
Avoiding the physical pleasures that are prohibited in the Bible. *
Encouraging others to attend services and lead religious lives. *
Saying one’s prayers regularly.
Seeking comfort in the Bible in time of need.
Adhering to the doctrines of one’s religion.
having an inner communication with the Supreme Being.
having faith in a Being greater than man.
Reverse-scored items
Being an atheist.
Denying the existence of God.
Paying little attention to religious matters.
Treating man‚ rather than God‚ as the measure of all things.
Abstaining from trivial religious rituals.
Not falling for religious mythology.
Taking a skeptical attitude toward religious teachings.
Seeking scientific explanations of religious miracles.
Treating the Bible only as an historical or literary work.
Regarding religions as crutches for the primitive peoples of the world.
Self – control
Direct-scored items
Practicing self-control. *
Replying to anger with gentleness.*
Never losing one’s temper‚ no matter what the reason.*
Not expressing anger‚ even when one has a reason for doing so.*
Suppressing hostility.
Keeping one’s feelings hidden from others.
Suppressing the urge to speak hastily in anger.
Hiding one’s feelings of frustration from other people.
Keeping one’s hostile feelings to himself.
Not getting upset when things go wrong.
(Always being patient with people.)
Reverse-scored items
Losing one’s temper easily.
Showing one’s feelings readily.
Telling people off when they offend one.
Expressing one’s anger openly and directly when provoked.
Getting upset when things don’t go well.
Letting others see how one really feels.
Letting off steam when one is frustrated.
Swearing when one is angry.
Becoming so angry that other people know about it.
Letting people know when one is annoyed with them.
Creativity (Originality)
Direct-scored items
Being able to create beautiful and artistic objects.*
Developing new and different ways of doing things.*
Constantly developing new ways of approaching life.*
Inventing gadgets for the fun of it.
Trying out new ideas.
Being original in one’s thoughts and ways of looking at things.
Always looking for new roads to travel.
Doing unusual things.
Creating unusual works of art.
Being an innovator.
(Creating beautiful things for the enjoyment of other people.)
(Devoting one’s entire energy to the development of new theories.)
Reverse-scored items
Doing routine things all the time.
Not having any new ideas.
Always doing things in the same way.
Enjoying a routine‚ patterned life.
Doing things the same way that other people do them.
Abiding by traditional ways of doing things.
Repeating the ideas of others‚ without any innovation.
Working according to a set schedule that doesn’t vary from day to day.
Painting or composing or writing in a traditional style.
Keeping one’s life from changing very much.
Independence
Direct-scored items
Being a free thinking person‚ who doesn’t care what others think of his opinions.
Being outspoken and frank in expressing one’s like s and dislikes.*
Being independent.
Standing up for what one thinks right‚ regardless of what others think.
Going one’s own way as he pleases.
Being a non-conformist.
Being different from other people.
Encouraging other people to act as they please.
Thinking and acting freely ‚ without social restraints. *
Living one’s own life‚ independent of others.
(Being independent‚ original‚ non-conformist‚ different from other people.)
Reverse-scored items
Conforming to the requirements of any situation and doing what is expected of one.*
Going along with the crowd.
Acting in such a way as to gain the approval of others.
Keeping one’s opinions to himself when they differ from the group’s.
Being careful not to express an idea that might be contrary to what other people believe.
Always basing one’s behavior on the recognition that he is dependent on other people.
Acting so as to fit in with other people’s way of doing things.
Always checking on whether or not one’s intended actions would be acceptable to other people.
Never acting so as to violate social conventions.
Suppressing one’s desire to be unique and different.
(Working and living in harmony with other people.)
* items in short version
+ Items included in the in short version but not the long version
1. having a strong intellectual curiosity
2. Creating beautiful things for the enjoyment of people
3. Being able to get along with all kinds of people‚ whether or not they are worthwhile
4. Studying constantly in order to become a well-educated person
5. Defending the honor of one’s group whenever it is unfairly criticized
6. Being respected by people who are themselves worthwhile
7. Always telling the truth‚ even though it may hurt oneself or others
8. Being devout in one’s religious faith
9. Always being patient with people
10.Conforming to the requirements of any situation and doing what is expected
11.Working and living in harmony with other people
12.Constantly developing new ways of approaching life
13.Working hard to achieve academic honors
14.Being good in some form of sport
15.Always attending religious services regularly and faithfully
16.Never losing one’s temper‚ no matter what the reason
17.Helping organize group activities
18.Being outspoken and frank in expressing one’s likes and dislikes
19.Developing an appreciation of the fine arts—music‚ drama‚ literature‚ and ballet
20.Inventing gadgets for the fun of it
21.Being poised‚ gracious‚ and charming under all circumstances
22.Developing physical strength and agility
23.having the ability to lead others
24.Practicing self-control
25.Being the person in the group who is the most popular with the opposite sex
26.Devoting one’s entire energy to the development of new theories
27.Thinking and acting freely‚ without social restraints‚ and encouraging others to do likewise
28.Being kind to people‚ even if they do things contrary to one’s own beliefs
29.Being well mannered and behaving properly in social situations
30.Treating an attack on one’s group like an attack on oneself
31.Taking good care of one’s physical self so that one is always healthy
32.Being in a position to direct and mold others’ lives
33.Always living one’s religion in one’s daily life
34.Concealing from outsiders most of one’s dislikes and disagreements with fellow members of the group
35.Being able to create beautiful and artistic objects
36.Developing new and different ways of doing things
37.Turning the other cheek and forgiving others when they harm you
38.Doing all one can to build up the prestige of the group
39.Striving to get the top grade point average in the group
40.Showing great leadership qualities
41.Never telling a lie‚ even though to do so would make the situation more Comfortable
42.Encouraging others to attend services and lead religious lives
43.Replying to anger with gentleness
44.Being independent‚ original‚ non-conformist‚ different from other people
45.Being an intellectual
46.Helping another person feel more secure‚ even if you don’t like him/her
47.Dressing and acting in a way that is appropriate to the occasion
48.Studying hard to get good grades in school
49.Never cheating or having anything to do with cheating situations‚ even for a friend
50.Being an intellectual
51.Helping another achieve his/her goals‚ even if it might interfere with your own
52.Being able to get people to cooperate with you
53.Working hard to improve the prestige and status of one’s group
54.Developing an attractive body that others will admire
55.Helping a close friend get by in a tight situation even though you may have to stretch the truth a bit to do it
56.Being graceful and well-coordinated in physical movements
57.Avoiding the physical pleasures that are prohibited in the Bible
58.having an active interest in all things scholarly
59.Gaining recognition for one’s achievements
60.Not expressing anger‚ even when you have a reason for doing so
1) intellectualism‚ 2) kindness‚ 3) social skills‚ (being charming‚ popular‚ e t c.)‚ .4) loyalty (to one’s group)‚ 5) academic achievement‚ 6) physical development‚ 7) status leadership)‚ 8) honesty‚ 9) religiousness‚ 10) self-control‚ 11) creativity‚ and 12) independence.
Always Admire‚ Depends on Situation‚ Always Dislike
This instrument can be found at: https://ir.uiowa.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4877&context=etd & https://www.psc.isr.umich.edu/dis/infoserv/isrpub/pdf/Measuresofsocialpsychologicalattitudes_2928_.PDF
Scott‚ W. A. (1959). Empirical assessment of values and ideologies‚ American Sociological Review‚ 24‚ 299-310.
Scott‚ W. A. (1960). International ideology and interpersonal ideology. Public Opinion Quarterly‚ 24‚ 419-435.
Scott‚ W. A. (1965). Values and organizations: a study of fraternities and sororities. Chicago: Rand McNally.
Robinson‚ John P.‚ Shaver‚ Phillip R. (1969). Measures of Political Attitudes. Institute for Social Research‚ University of Michigan/. Ann Arbor‚ Michigan
Braithwaite‚ V. A.‚ & Scott‚ W. A. (1991). Measures of personality and social psychological attitudes. San Diego‚ CA: Academic Press.
Thomas‚ Tammara Petrill. (2013). “The Effect of Personal Values‚ Organizational Values‚ and Person-Organization Fit on Ethical Behaviors and Organizational Commitment Outcomes among Substance Abuse Counselors: A Preliminary Investigation.” PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) thesis‚ University of Iowa.