Scale Overview
The Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale – SAS was developed by William W.K. Zung (1971). It is designed to measure Anxiety. The scale is intended for use with Adults.
Scale Structure
This instrument consists of 20 items.
Response Format
Respondents rate each item using a custom response format.
Response anchors: 1 = A little of the time, 2 = Some of the time, 3 = Good part of the time, 4 = Most of the time.
The scale includes 5 reverse-scored items to reduce acquiescence bias.
Scoring
Items are summed to produce a total score.
Total scores range from 20 to 80. Interpretation guidelines:
- Normal Range: 20 – 44
- Mild to Moderate Anxiety Levels: 45 – 59
- Marked to Severe Anxiety Levels: 60 – 74
- Extreme Anxiety Levels: 75 – 80
Administration
The scale is self-administered and typically takes approximately 5 minutes to complete. It can be administered individually or in group settings. No special training is required for administration.