Scale Overview
The Self-Determination Scale – SDS was developed by Kennon M. Sheldon, Richard M. Ryan, Harry T. Reis (1996). It is designed to measure Self-determination. The scale is intended for use with Adults.
Scale Structure
This instrument consists of 10 items organized into 2 factors/subscales: Awareness of Oneself, Perceived Choice in One’s Actions.
| Factor / Subscale |
Items |
N |
| Awareness of Oneself |
2,4,6,8,10 |
5 |
| Perceived Choice in One's Actions |
1,3,5,7,9 |
5 |
Response Format
Respondents rate each item using a custom response format.
Response anchors: 1 = Only A feels true, 2 = 2, 3 = 3 (Equally true), 4 = 4, 5 = Only B feels true.
The scale includes 5 reverse-scored items to reduce acquiescence bias.
Scoring
Items are scored by subscale, with each subscale sum representing a distinct dimension.
Total scores range from 10 to 50. Interpretation guidelines:
- Low Self-Determination: 10 – 23
- Moderate Self-Determination: 24 – 36
- High Self-Determination: 37 – 50
Administration
The scale is self-administered and typically takes approximately 5 minutes to complete. It can be administered individually or in group settings. No special training is required for administration.