Schuman Forced Choice F Scale
Measures authoritarianism using a forced-choice format to control for acquiescence response bias.
Scale Development & Technical Details
Scale Overview
The Schuman Forced Choice F Scale was developed by Howard Schuman and John Harding (1962). It is designed to measure Authoritarianism. The scale is intended for use with Adults.
Scale Structure
This instrument consists of 10 items.
Response Format
Respondents rate each item using a custom response format.
Response anchors: 1 = Strongly agree with Statement A (Very sure), 2 = Moderately agree with Statement A (Moderately sure), 3 = Slightly agree with Statement A (Not very sure), 4 = Slightly agree with Statement B (Not very sure), 5 = Moderately agree with Statement B (Moderately sure), 6 = Strongly agree with Statement B (Very sure).
The scale includes 6 reverse-scored items to reduce acquiescence bias.
Scoring
Items are summed to produce a total score.
Total scores range from 10 to 60. Interpretation guidelines:
- Low Authoritarianism: 10 – 25
- Moderate Authoritarianism: 26 – 44
- High Authoritarianism: 45 – 60
Psychometric Properties
Internal Consistency: The scale has demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency with reported Cronbach’s alpha values of Not specified.
Administration
The scale is self-administered and typically takes approximately 5 minutes to complete. It can be administered individually or in group settings. No special training is required for administration.