Religious Expression Scale – RES
A multidimensional assessment of religious expression within the context of evangelical Christian faith, measuring the extent to which a respondent favors doctrinal/intellectual modes of religious expression versus affective/intuitive approaches.
Scale Development & Technical Details
Scale Overview
The Religious Expression Scale – RES was developed by Donald M. Boan (1978). It is designed to measure Religious Expression. The scale is intended for use with Evangelical and Charismatic Christian Adults.
Scale Structure
This instrument consists of 59 items organized into 9 factors/subscales: General religious commitment, Intellectual emphasis, Affective emphasis, Philosophical orientation, Intense affective experience, Social/emotionally-dependent style, Bible teaching orientation, Social affective style, Miscellaneous religiosity items.
| Factor / Subscale | Items | N |
|---|---|---|
| General religious commitment | 5,13,20,26,53,58 | 6 |
| Intellectual emphasis | 3,6,10,11,34,35,41,51,54,55,56 | 11 |
| Affective emphasis | 8,23,32,39,46,48,59 | 7 |
| Philosophical orientation | 2,12,16,22,24,37,43 | 7 |
| Intense affective experience | 4,15,36,38,44,45 | 6 |
| Social/emotionally-dependent style | 7,27,47,50 | 4 |
| Bible teaching orientation | 1,17,25,29,30,33,42,52 | 8 |
| Social affective style | 9,14,18,19,21,28,40,49,57 | 9 |
| Miscellaneous religiosity items | 31 | 1 |
Response Format
Respondents rate each item using a custom response format.
Response anchors: 1 = disagree strongly, 2 = disagree mildly, 3 = disagree slightly, 4 = agree slightly, 5 = agree mildly, 6 = agree strongly.
The scale includes 7 reverse-scored items to reduce acquiescence bias.
Scoring
Items are scored by subscale, with each subscale sum representing a distinct dimension.
Psychometric Properties
Internal Consistency: The scale has demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency with reported Cronbach’s alpha values of Spearman-Brown internal consistency coefficients above 0.80 for all factors.
Administration
The scale is self-administered and typically takes approximately 15 minutes to complete. It can be administered individually or in group settings. No special training is required for administration.