Questionnaire on Teacher Interaction – QTI
Measures students' perceptions of interpersonal teacher behavior across eight distinct behavioral subscales.
Scale Development & Technical Details
Scale Overview
The Questionnaire on Teacher Interaction – QTI was developed by Theo Wubbels and Jack Levy (1991). It is designed to measure Interpersonal teacher behavior. The scale is intended for use with Secondary school students and teachers.
Scale Structure
This instrument consists of 64 items organized into 8 factors/subscales: Leadership, Helpful/Friendly, Understanding, Student Responsibility/Freedom, Uncertain, Dissatisfied, Admonishing, Strict.
| Factor / Subscale | Items | N |
|---|---|---|
| Leadership | 3,31,36,40,45,52,62 | 7 |
| Helpful/Friendly | 5,15,29,35,37,47,50,60 | 8 |
| Understanding | 4,6,11,13,17,18,32,56 | 8 |
| Student Responsibility/Freedom | 8,21,25,27,33,48,49,64 | 8 |
| Uncertain | 23,34,39,42,44,46,55 | 7 |
| Dissatisfied | 7,10,12,19,26,28,30,54,58 | 9 |
| Admonishing | 16,24,38,41,43,51,59,63 | 8 |
| Strict | 1,2,9,14,20,22,53,57,61 | 9 |
Response Format
Respondents rate each item using a custom response format.
Response anchors: 0 = Never, 1 = Seldom, 2 = Sometimes, 3 = Often, 4 = Always.
Scoring
Items are scored by subscale, with each subscale sum representing a distinct dimension.
Total scores range from 0 to 36. Interpretation guidelines:
- Low presence of behavior: 0 – 8
- Moderate presence of behavior: 9 – 24
- High presence of behavior: 25 – 36
Psychometric Properties
Internal Consistency: The scale has demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency with reported Cronbach’s alpha values of Alpha coefficients range from 0.86 to 0.96 across the subscales..
Administration
The scale is self-administered and typically takes approximately 15 minutes to complete. It can be administered individually or in group settings. No special training is required for administration.