Psychological Empowerment Scale – PES

I have control over decisions that are made concerning my child.

I offer my services as a supporting parent in a parent organization.

I often get together with other parents to discuss a common problem affecting our families.

I communicate my ideas to others clearly.

I am involved in decision-making in a parent organization or service program.

I informally share information with other parents.

I advocate effectively for my child with professionals.

I feel in control of my life.

I spend time with other parents talking about my family.

I am able to explain myself until I make myself clear.

I feel like I have choices for my family.

I help lead a support group for other parents.

When I have to get something done, I get to work on it quickly.

Regardless of what other people do, I have control over how my family's needs are met.

I hold a leadership role in a parent organization or service program.

I help other parents advocate for their child's needs.

I have many choices about how to meet my family's needs.

I participate in a support group for parents of children with a disability.

There is at least one other parent I can go to for emotional support.

I try to learn new skills even if they seem difficult.

I take an active role in improving services to families through a formal parent organization.

I try to act as an emotional support to other parents.

I think I make good decisions about what my family needs.

I have control over what happens in my family.

I have worked informally with other parents to address a need common to all of us.

I feel competent to meet my child's needs.

I have the power to get what my family needs.

I am actively involved in a formal parent organization.

I think my decision-making skills are as good as other parents.

I am on an advisory board for a parent organization or service program.

I feel a sense of community with other parents who have a child with a disability.

I can usually solve problems that confront my family.