Prenatal Attachment Inventory (PAI)
Measures the unique, affectionate bond that develops between a pregnant woman and her fetus.
Scale Development & Technical Details
Scale Overview
The Prenatal Attachment Inventory (PAI) was developed by Mary E. Muller (1993). It is designed to measure Prenatal attachment. The scale is intended for use with Pregnant women.
Scale Structure
This instrument consists of 19 items.
Response Format
Respondents rate each item using a custom response format.
Response anchors: 1 = Almost never, 2 = Sometimes, 3 = Often, 4 = Almost always.
Scoring
Items are summed to produce a total score.
Total scores range from 19 to 76. Interpretation guidelines:
- Low attachment quality/intensity: 19 – 38
- Moderate attachment quality/intensity: 39 – 57
- High attachment quality/intensity: 58 – 76
Psychometric Properties
Internal Consistency: The scale has demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency with reported Cronbach’s alpha values of 0.81.
Administration
The scale is self-administered and typically takes approximately 5 minutes to complete. It can be administered individually or in group settings. No special training is required for administration.