Scale Overview
The Parent-Adolescent Communication Scale – PACS was developed by Barnes, H. L., & Olson, D. H. (1982). It is designed to measure Parent-adolescent communication. The scale is intended for use with Adolescents and parents.
Scale Structure
This instrument consists of 20 items organized into 2 factors/subscales: Openness, Problems.
| Factor / Subscale |
Items |
N |
| Openness |
1,3,6,7,8,9,13,14,16,17 |
10 |
| Problems |
2,4,5,10,11,12,15,18,19,20 |
10 |
Response Format
Respondents rate each item using a 5-point Likert scale (1 = Strongly Disagree to 5 = Strongly Agree).
The scale includes 10 reverse-scored items to reduce acquiescence bias.
Scoring
Items are scored by subscale, with each subscale sum representing a distinct dimension.
Total scores range from 20 to 100. Interpretation guidelines:
- Low Communication Quality: 20 – 49
- Moderate Communication Quality: 50 – 79
- High Communication Quality: 80 – 100
Psychometric Properties
Internal Consistency: The scale has demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency with reported Cronbach’s alpha values of Cronbach's alpha: 0.87 (Openness), 0.78 (Problems).
Administration
The scale is self-administered and typically takes approximately 5 minutes to complete. It can be administered individually or in group settings. No special training is required for administration.