Organizational Health Inventory for Middle Schools – OHI-M
Measures the organizational health and climate of middle schools across key institutional, leadership, and academic dimensions.
Scale Development & Technical Details
Scale Overview
The Organizational Health Inventory for Middle Schools – OHI-M was developed by Wayne K. Hoy & Dennis Sabo (1998). It is designed to measure School Organizational Climate and Health. The scale is intended for use with Middle school teachers and staff.
Scale Structure
This instrument consists of 45 items organized into 6 factors/subscales: Institutional Integrity, Collegial Leadership, Principal Influence, Resource Support, Teacher Affiliation, Academic Emphasis.
| Factor / Subscale | Items | N |
|---|---|---|
| Institutional Integrity | 8,13,18,23,25,26,33 | 7 |
| Collegial Leadership | 1,4,5,10,14,24,30,35,39 | 9 |
| Principal Influence | 3,9,19,34,41,43 | 6 |
| Resource Support | 6,11,15,20,36,40 | 6 |
| Teacher Affiliation | 12,21,28,31,32,37,42,45 | 8 |
| Academic Emphasis | 2,7,16,17,22,27,29,38,44 | 9 |
Response Format
Respondents rate each item using a custom response format.
Response anchors: 1 = Rarely occurs, 2 = Sometimes occurs, 3 = Often occurs, 4 = Very frequently occurs.
The scale includes 11 reverse-scored items to reduce acquiescence bias.
Scoring
Items are scored by subscale, with each subscale sum representing a distinct dimension.
Total scores range from 45 to 180. Interpretation guidelines:
- Low School Health: 45 – 90
- Moderate School Health: 91 – 135
- High School Health: 136 – 180
Psychometric Properties
Internal Consistency: The scale has demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency with reported Cronbach’s alpha values of Institutional Integrity (.93), Collegial Leadership (.94), Principal Influence (.94), Resource Support (.93), Teacher Affiliation (.94), Academic Emphasis (.94).
Administration
The scale is self-administered and typically takes approximately 15 minutes to complete. It can be administered individually or in group settings. No special training is required for administration.