Multidimensional Multiattributional Causality Scale – MMCS

When I receive a poor grade, I usually feel that the main reason is that I haven't studied enough for that course.

My enjoyment of a social occasion is almost entirely dependent on the personalities of the other people who are there.

If I were to receive low marks it would cause me to question my academic ability.

Making friends is a funny business; sometimes I have to chalk up my successes to luck.

If I did not get along with others, it would tell me that I hadn't put much effort into the pursuit of social goals.

Some of the times that I have gotten a good grade in a course, it was due to the teacher's easy grading scheme.

It seems to me that failure to have people like me would show my ignorance in interpersonal relationships.

Sometimes my success on exams depends on some luck.

In my case, the good grades I receive are always the direct result of my efforts.

No matter what I do, some people just don't like me.

The most important ingredient in getting good grades is my academic ability.

Often chance events can play a large part in causing rifts between friends.

Maintaining friendships requires real effort to make them work.

In my experience, once a professor gets the idea you're a poor student, your work is much more likely to receive poor grades than if someone else handed it in.

It seems to me that getting along with people is a skill.

Some of my lower grades have seemed to be partially due to bad breaks.

When I fail to do as well as expected in school, it is often due to a lack of effort on my part.

Some people can make me have a good time even when I don't feel sociable.

If I were to fail a course it would probably be because I lacked skill in that area.

In my experience, making friends is largely a matter of having the right breaks.

When I hear of a divorce, I suspect that the couple probably did not try enough to make their marriage work.

Some of my good grades may simply reflect that these were easier courses than most.

I feel that people who are often lonely are lacking in social competence.

I feel that some of my good grades depend to a considerable extent on chance factors, such as having the right questions show up on an exam.

Whenever I receive good grades, it is always because I have studied hard for that course.

Some people just seem predisposed to dislike me.

I feel that my good grades reflect directly on my academic ability.

I find that the absence of friendships is often a matter of not being lucky enough to meet the right people.

In my case, success at making friends depends on how hard I work at it.

Often my poorer grades are obtained in courses that the professor has failed to make interesting.

Having good friends is simply a matter of one's social skill.

My academic low points sometimes make me think I was just unlucky.

Poor grades inform me that I haven't worked hard enough.

To enjoy myself at a party I have to be surrounded by others who know how to have a good time.

If I were to get poor grades I would assume that I lacked ability to succeed in those courses.

If my marriage were a long, happy one, I'd say that I must just be very lucky.

In my experience, loneliness comes from not trying to be friendly.

Sometimes I get good grades only because the course material was easy to learn.

In my experience, there is a direct connection between the absence of friendship and being socially inept.

Sometimes I feel that I have to consider myself lucky for the good grades I get.

I can overcome all obstacles in the path of academic success if I work hard enough.

It is almost impossible to figure out how I have displeased some people.

When I get good grades, it is because of my academic competence.

Difficulties with my friends often start with chance remarks.

If my marriage were to succeed, it would have to be because I worked at it.

Some low grades I've received seem to me to reflect the fact that some teachers are just stingy with marks.

It is impossible for me to maintain close relations with people without my tact and patience.

Some of my bad grades may have been a function of bad luck, being in the wrong course at the wrong time.