Scale Overview
The Locus of Causality for Exercise Scale – LCE was developed by David Markland & Lew Hardy (1997). It is designed to measure Locus of causality for exercise. The scale is intended for use with Adults.
Scale Structure
This instrument consists of 3 items.
Response Format
Respondents rate each item using a custom response format.
Response anchors: 1 = Strongly disagree, 2 = Disagree, 3 = Slightly disagree, 4 = Neutral, 5 = Slightly agree, 6 = Agree, 7 = Strongly agree.
The scale includes 2 reverse-scored items to reduce acquiescence bias.
Scoring
Item scores are averaged to produce a mean score.
Total scores range from 1 to 7. Interpretation guidelines:
- External Locus of Causality (Controlled Motivation): 1 – 3
- Neutral: 4 – 4
- Internal Locus of Causality (Autonomous Motivation): 5 – 7
Administration
The scale is self-administered and typically takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. It can be administered individually or in group settings. No special training is required for administration.