Scale Overview
The Levenson Multidimensional Locus of Control Scale – IPC Scale was developed by Hanna Levenson (1973). It is designed to measure Locus of Control. The scale is intended for use with Adults.
Scale Structure
This instrument consists of 24 items organized into 3 factors/subscales: Internality (I), Powerful Others (P), Chance (C).
| Factor / Subscale |
Items |
N |
| Internality (I) |
1,4,5,9,18,19,21,23 |
8 |
| Powerful Others (P) |
3,8,11,13,15,17,20,22 |
8 |
| Chance (C) |
2,6,7,10,12,14,16,24 |
8 |
Response Format
Respondents rate each item using a custom response format.
Response anchors: -3 = Disagree strongly, -2 = Disagree somewhat, -1 = Disagree slightly, 1 = Agree slightly, 2 = Agree somewhat, 3 = Agree strongly.
Scoring
Items are scored by subscale, with each subscale sum representing a distinct dimension.
Total scores range from 0 to 48. Interpretation guidelines:
- Low orientation on this dimension: 0 – 24
- High orientation on this dimension: 25 – 48
Psychometric Properties
Internal Consistency: The scale has demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency with reported Cronbach’s alpha values of Internal consistency estimates range from .64 to .78; test-retest reliability ranges from .60 to .79..
Administration
The scale is self-administered and typically takes approximately 5 minutes to complete. It can be administered individually or in group settings. No special training is required for administration.