Scale Overview
The Job Withdrawal Cognitions Scale – JWCS was developed by Kathy A. Hanisch & Charles L. Hulin (1990). It is designed to measure Job Withdrawal. The scale is intended for use with Working adults.
Scale Structure
This instrument consists of 3 items.
Response Format
Respondents rate each item using a custom response format.
Response anchors: 1 = Low withdrawal tendency, 5 = High withdrawal tendency.
The scale includes 1 reverse-scored items to reduce acquiescence bias.
Scoring
Items are summed to produce a total score.
Total scores range from 3 to 15. Interpretation guidelines:
- Low withdrawal intention: 3 – 6
- Moderate withdrawal intention: 7 – 11
- High withdrawal intention: 12 – 15
Administration
The scale is self-administered and typically takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. It can be administered individually or in group settings. No special training is required for administration.