German Managerial Practice Survey (GMPS)
Measures Yukl's four meta-categories of leadership behavior: task, relation, change, and external orientation.
Scale Development & Technical Details
Scale Overview
The German Managerial Practice Survey (GMPS) was developed by Gary Yukl (Original Taxonomy) (2021). It is designed to measure Leadership Behavior. The scale is intended for use with Employees and Managers.
Scale Structure
This instrument consists of 15 items organized into 4 factors/subscales: Task Orientation, Relation Orientation, Change Orientation, External Orientation.
| Factor / Subscale | Items | N |
|---|---|---|
| Task Orientation | 1,2,3,4 | 4 |
| Relation Orientation | 5,6,7,8 | 4 |
| Change Orientation | 9,10,11,12 | 4 |
| External Orientation | 13,14,15 | 3 |
Response Format
Respondents rate each item using a custom response format.
Response anchors: 0 = Not at all, 25 = Very little, 50 = Somewhat, 75 = To a high degree, 100 = To a very high degree.
Scoring
Items are scored by subscale, with each subscale sum representing a distinct dimension.
Total scores range from 0 to 100. Interpretation guidelines:
- Very Low Presence of Behavior: 0 – 25
- Low Presence of Behavior: 26 – 50
- Moderate Presence of Behavior: 51 – 75
- High Presence of Behavior: 76 – 100
Psychometric Properties
Internal Consistency: The scale has demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency with reported Cronbach’s alpha values of Cronbach's Alpha = .70 – .81; McDonald's Omega = .71 – .82.
Administration
The scale is self-administered and typically takes approximately 4 minutes to complete. It can be administered individually or in group settings. No special training is required for administration.