Franchisee-Franchisor Trust – Measurement Model (FFT-MM)
Measures franchisee trust, perceived network control, economic satisfaction, and exit intentions within a franchise network.
Scale Development & Technical Details
Scale Overview
The Franchisee-Franchisor Trust – Measurement Model (FFT-MM) was developed by Evelien P. M. Croonen, Thijs L. J. Broekhuizen, Maryse J. Brand (2025). It is designed to measure Franchisee-franchisor trust, control, and exit intentions. The scale is intended for use with Franchisees.
Scale Structure
This instrument consists of 39 items organized into 10 factors/subscales: Franchisee Network Exit Intention, Franchisee Trust in Franchisor, Franchisee Trust in Peers, Perceived Network Control, Economic Satisfaction, Alternatives, Switching Costs, Strategic Management, Quality Assurance, ICT Support.
| Factor / Subscale | Items | N |
|---|---|---|
| Franchisee Network Exit Intention | 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 | 7 |
| Franchisee Trust in Franchisor | 8,9,10,11,12 | 5 |
| Franchisee Trust in Peers | 13,14,15,16 | 4 |
| Perceived Network Control | 17,18,19 | 3 |
| Economic Satisfaction | 20,21,22,23 | 4 |
| Alternatives | 24,25,26,27 | 4 |
| Switching Costs | 28,29 | 2 |
| Strategic Management | 30,31,32,33 | 4 |
| Quality Assurance | 34,35,36,37 | 4 |
| ICT Support | 38,39 | 2 |
Response Format
Respondents rate each item using a 5-point Likert scale (1 = Strongly Disagree to 5 = Strongly Agree).
The scale includes 2 reverse-scored items to reduce acquiescence bias.
Scoring
Items are scored by subscale, with each subscale sum representing a distinct dimension.
Total scores range from 7 to 35. Interpretation guidelines:
- Low exit intention: 7 – 14
- Moderate exit intention: 15 – 27
- High exit intention: 28 – 35
Psychometric Properties
Internal Consistency: The scale has demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency with reported Cronbach’s alpha values of Cronbach's alphas ranged from .64 to .92.
Administration
The scale is self-administered and typically takes approximately 10 minutes to complete. It can be administered individually or in group settings. No special training is required for administration.