Scale Overview
The Faculty Change Orientation Scale – FCOS was developed by Kearney, S., & Smith, P. A. (2008). It is designed to measure School Change Orientation. The scale is intended for use with School faculty and administrators.
Scale Structure
This instrument consists of 19 items organized into 3 factors/subscales: Faculty openness to change, Principal openness to change, Community press for change.
| Factor / Subscale |
Items |
N |
| Faculty openness to change |
1,2,5,6,8,10,13,14,15 |
9 |
| Principal openness to change |
3,7,9,11,12,19 |
6 |
| Community press for change |
4,16,17,18 |
4 |
Response Format
Respondents rate each item using a custom response format.
Response anchors: 1 = Strongly Disagree, 2 = Disagree, 3 = Somewhat Disagree, 4 = Somewhat Agree, 5 = Agree, 6 = Strongly Agree.
The scale includes 9 reverse-scored items to reduce acquiescence bias.
Scoring
Items are scored by subscale, with each subscale sum representing a distinct dimension.
Total scores range from 19 to 114. Interpretation guidelines:
- Low Change Orientation: 19 – 57
- Moderate Change Orientation: 58 – 95
- High Change Orientation: 96 – 114
Psychometric Properties
Internal Consistency: The scale has demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency with reported Cronbach’s alpha values of Faculty openness: 0.95, Principal openness: 0.87, Community press: 0.87.
Administration
The scale is self-administered and typically takes approximately 5 minutes to complete. It can be administered individually or in group settings. No special training is required for administration.