Exercise Causality Orientations Scale – ECOS

You are beginning a new exercise programme. You are likely to: Attend a structured exercise class where an exercise leader is telling you what to do.

You are beginning a new exercise programme. You are likely to: Decide for yourself which type of exercise you would like to complete.

You are beginning a new exercise programme. You are likely to: Tag along with your friends and do what they do.

You are asked to keep a record of all the weekly exercise you have completed in an exercise diary. You are likely to view the diary: As a reminder of how incapable you are at fulfilling the task.

You are asked to keep a record of all the weekly exercise you have completed in an exercise diary. You are likely to view the diary: As a way to measure your progress and to feel proud of your achievements.

You are asked to keep a record of all the weekly exercise you have completed in an exercise diary. You are likely to view the diary: As a way of pressurising yourself to exercise.

In order to monitor how well you are doing in an exercise programme you are likely to want to: Be given a lot of praise and encouragement from others.

In order to monitor how well you are doing in an exercise programme you are likely to want to: Evaluate your own performance and provide yourself with positive feedback.

In order to monitor how well you are doing in an exercise programme you are likely to want to: Just hope that what you are doing is correct.

You have been exercising regularly for 6 months but recently you have been missing sessions and are finding it hard to get motivated to exercise. You are likely to: Approach someone to help motivate you.

You have been exercising regularly for 6 months but recently you have been missing sessions and are finding it hard to get motivated to exercise. You are likely to: Ignore the problem; nothing can be done to improve your motivation.

You have been exercising regularly for 6 months but recently you have been missing sessions and are finding it hard to get motivated to exercise. You are likely to: Employ your own strategies to motivate yourself.

You have been told that setting goals is a good way to motivate yourself to exercise. You would likely: Set your own realistic but challenging goals.

You have been told that setting goals is a good way to motivate yourself to exercise. You would likely: Make someone important to you set goals for you to aim for.

You have been told that setting goals is a good way to motivate yourself to exercise. You would likely: Not set goals because you may not be able to live up to them.

During a discussion with an exercise counsellor he/she presents many options on the best way for you to exercise to achieve fitness and health benefits. It is likely that your first thought would be: What do you (the exercise leader) think I should do?

During a discussion with an exercise counsellor he/she presents many options on the best way for you to exercise to achieve fitness and health benefits. It is likely that your first thought would be: What do I think is the best option for me?

During a discussion with an exercise counsellor he/she presents many options on the best way for you to exercise to achieve fitness and health benefits. It is likely that your first thought would be: What has everyone else done in the past?

During an exercise session how hard you are working out is likely to be governed by: The intensity you have been told to exercise at.

During an exercise session how hard you are working out is likely to be governed by: What everyone around you is doing.

During an exercise session how hard you are working out is likely to be governed by: How you are feeling whilst exercising at the intensity you choose.