Element B: Behavior

Mohammed looti

Scale Development & Technical Details

Scale Overview

The Element B: Behavior was developed by Will Schutz (1992). It is designed to measure Interpersonal Behavior. The scale is intended for use with Adults.

Scale Structure

This instrument consists of 54 items organized into 3 factors/subscales: Inclusion, Control, Openness.

Factor / Subscale	Items	N
Inclusion	1,4,7,10,13,16,19,22,25,28,31,34,37,40,43,46,49,52	18
Control	2,5,8,11,14,17,20,23,26,29,32,35,38,41,44,47,50,53	18
Openness	3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,27,30,33,36,39,42,45,48,51,54	18

Response Format

Respondents rate each item using a 5-point agreement scale (1 = Strongly Disagree to 5 = Strongly Agree).

The scale includes 9 reverse-scored items to reduce acquiescence bias.

Scoring

Items are scored by subscale, with each subscale sum representing a distinct dimension.

Psychometric Properties

Internal Consistency: The scale has demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency with reported Cronbach’s alpha values of 0.92.

Administration

The scale is self-administered and typically takes approximately 15 minutes to complete. It can be administered individually or in group settings. No special training is required for administration.