Scale Overview
The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale – CD-RISC was developed by Kathryn M. Connor, Jonathan R. T. Davidson (2003). It is designed to measure Resilience. The scale is intended for use with Adults.
Scale Structure
This instrument consists of 25 items organized into 5 factors/subscales: Personal competence, high standards, and tenacity, Trust in one’s instincts, tolerance of negative affect, and strengthening effects of stress, Positive acceptance of change and secure relationships, Control, Spiritual influences.
| Factor / Subscale |
Items |
N |
| Personal competence, high standards, and tenacity |
10,11,12,16,17,23,24,25 |
8 |
| Trust in one's instincts, tolerance of negative affect, and strengthening effects of stress |
6,7,8,14,15,18,19 |
7 |
| Positive acceptance of change and secure relationships |
1,2,4,5,13 |
5 |
| Control |
21,22 |
2 |
| Spiritual influences |
3,9,20 |
3 |
Response Format
Respondents rate each item using a custom response format.
Response anchors: 0 = Not true at all, 1 = Rarely true, 2 = Sometimes true, 3 = Often true, 4 = True nearly all the time.
Scoring
Items are scored by subscale, with each subscale sum representing a distinct dimension.
Total scores range from 0 to 100. Interpretation guidelines:
- Low resilience: 0 – 50
- Low-moderate resilience: 51 – 73
- Moderate-high resilience: 74 – 82
- High resilience: 83 – 100
Psychometric Properties
Internal Consistency: The scale has demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency with reported Cronbach’s alpha values of 0.89.
Administration
The scale is self-administered and typically takes approximately 5 minutes to complete. It can be administered individually or in group settings. No special training is required for administration.