Computer Anxiety Rating Scale – CARS
Measures an individual's level of anxiety, apprehension, or fear regarding the use of computers.
Scale Development & Technical Details
Scale Overview
The Computer Anxiety Rating Scale – CARS was developed by Robert K. Heinssen, Carol R. Glass, & L. A. Knight (1987). It is designed to measure Computer Anxiety. The scale is intended for use with Adults.
Scale Structure
This instrument consists of 19 items.
Response Format
Respondents rate each item using a 5-point Likert scale (1 = Strongly Disagree to 5 = Strongly Agree).
The scale includes 9 reverse-scored items to reduce acquiescence bias.
Scoring
Items are summed to produce a total score.
Total scores range from 19 to 95. Interpretation guidelines:
- Low Computer Anxiety: 19 – 38
- Moderate Computer Anxiety: 39 – 57
- High Computer Anxiety: 58 – 95
Psychometric Properties
Internal Consistency: The scale has demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency with reported Cronbach’s alpha values of 0.87.
Administration
The scale is self-administered and typically takes approximately 5 minutes to complete. It can be administered individually or in group settings. No special training is required for administration.